Table 4.
Physiological characteristics of participants. Data are mean ± SD.
| Variables | Group | Baseline | Post-Intervention | Mean Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body mass (kg) | JW | 87.7 ± 5.6 | 86.4 ± 5.7 * | −1.2 ± 0.5 |
| DS | 88 ± 4.4 | 87.5 ± 4.5 * | −0.5 ± 0.3 | |
| JD | 89.7 ± 5.6 | 86.9 ± 5.6 * | −2.8 ± 0.5 | |
| C | 90.2 ± 5.7 | 90.3 ± 5.7 | 0.02 ± 0.2 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | JW | 32 ± 2.2 | 31.5 ± 2.3 * | −0.4 ± 0.2 |
| DS | 31.3 ± 2.3 | 31.1 ± 2.2 * | −0.2 ± 0.1 | |
| JD | 32.4 ± 2.2 | 31.4 ± 2.3 * | −1 ± 0.1 | |
| C | 33.2 ± 2.9 | 33.2 ± 2.9 | 0.02 ± 0.1 | |
| WHR (m) | JW | 0.99 ± 0.03 | 0.98 ± 0.03 * | −0.006 ± 0.006 |
| DS | 0.98 ± 0.04 | 0.98 ± 0.04 * | −0.003 ± 0.004 | |
| JD | 0.99 ± 0.03 | 0.97 ± 0.03 * | −0.01 ± 0.004 | |
| C | 1 ± 0.02 | 1 ± 0.02 | 0.001 ± 0.007 | |
| FM (kg) | JW | 32 ± 1.8 | 31.7 ± 1.9 * | −0.2 ± 0.1 |
| DS | 32.2 ± 2.6 | 32.1 ± 2.5 * | −0.1 ± 0.06 | |
| JD | 32.8 ± 1.8 | 32.1 ± 1.8 * | −0.6 ± 0.1 | |
| C | 33 ± 1.9 | 33.1 ± 1.9 | 0.02 ± 0.08 |
Abbreviations: JW, jump rope + placebo; DS, dark chocolate supplementation, JD, jump rope + dark chocolate supplementation; C, control; WHR, waist hip ratio; FM, Fat Mass. * p < 0.05 different from pre-training.