Table 2.
Total carbohydrates, starch and total sugar usual intakes and prevalence of adequacy for carbohydrate intake (percentage of population between 45–60% RI) by gender and age group in the Spanish Pediatric Population (EsNuPI) study.
| Group | Group by Age | RI (%) | Boys | Girls | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Median (P25–P75) |
% between 45–60% RI | n | Median (P25–P75) | % between 45–60% RI |
||||
| Carbohydrates (g/day) | SRS | 1 to <3 years | 45–60 | 84 | 136.3 (108.4–172.9) a |
60.6 | 78 | 134.7 (112.3–166.3) a |
62.6 |
| 3 to <6 years | 45–60 | 122 | 166.2 (145.3–191.2) b |
58.1 | 122 | 158.1 (132.2–194.5) b |
51.6 | ||
| 6 to <10 years | 45–60 | 151 | 194.3 (150.3–227.7) c |
67.1 | 150 | 176.7 (143.2–217.5) b |
46.9 | ||
| AMS | 1 to <3 years | 45–60 | 144 | 137.7 (112.8–167.1) a |
90.6 | 150 | 138.2 (115.2–166.2) a |
82.7 | |
| 3 to <6 years | 45–60 | 128 | 166.1 (138.5–199.9) b |
57.2 | 134 | 170.6 (141.1–197.8) b |
63.3 | ||
| 6 to <10 years | 45–60 | 99 | 183.5 (149.6–215.4) b |
64.9 | 86 | 180.0 (148.0–209.4) b |
69.9 | ||
| Starch (g/day) |
SRS | 1 to <3 years | - | 84 | 54.6 (34.7–79.2) a |
- | 78 | 54.0 (32.8–78.5) a |
- |
| 3 to <6 years | - | 122 | 86.0 (65.1–109.4) b |
- | 122 | 77.9 (60.5–107.0) b |
- | ||
| 6 to <10 years | - | 151 | 107.5 (76.4–132.1) c |
- | 150 | 99.2 (75.0–127.1) c |
- | ||
| AMS | 1 to <3 years | - | 144 | 42.1 (28.5–66.1) *,a |
- | 150 | 47.3 (34.1–70.0) a |
- | |
| 3 to <6 years | - | 128 | 77.4 (63.2–102.3) b |
- | 134 | 79.4 (62.9–99.7) b |
- | ||
| 6 to <10 years | - | 99 | 93.5 (73.3–121.6) c |
- | 86 | 95.3 (73.6–108.1) b |
- | ||
| Total sugar (g/day) |
SRS | 1 to <3 years | - | 84 | 77.9 (61.5–89.8) a |
- | 78 | 75.9 (57.5–91.6) |
- |
| 3 to <6 years | - | 122 | 78.0 (60.9–97.2) a,b |
- | 122 | 75.5 (64.5–94.0) |
- | ||
| 6 to <10 years | - | 151 | 86.1 (67.5–106.6) b |
- | 150 | 73.4 (58.4–91.3) |
- | ||
| AMS | 1 to <3 years | - | 144 | 72.3 (55.7–91.4) a |
- | 150 | 67.9 (56.5–84.0) a |
- | |
| 3 to <6 years | - | 128 | 80.8 (64.7–95.8) a,b |
- | 134 | 78.4 (64.3–95.6) b |
- | ||
| 6 to <10 years | - | 99 | 84.3 (68.8–103.2) b |
- | 86 | 86.6 (64.1–103.2) *,b |
- | ||
Reference intake range (RI) [7], Spanish Reference Cohort (SRS) and Adapted Milk Consumers Cohort (AMS). Values are presented as median (interquartile range) or percentage per group. Values that do not share superscript are significantly different between age-groups for each gender and in each cohort type (p ≤ 0.05; Kruskal–Wallis test and the Dunn test to adjust for multiple comparison and adjust the p-value with Bonferroni correction) and asterisk indicate statistically significant difference between cohort type difference vs reference cohort (p ≤ 0.05; Mann-Whitney’s U test)).