Table 2. Associations of fetal genetic score with own birthweight and maternal genetic score with its offspring birthweight in South Asian cohorts.

Cohort	fGS adjusted for sex and GA*					fGS adjusted for sex, GA and mGS†
	N	Effect	L95	U95	P	N	Effec	L95	U95	P
PMNS	515	0.009	0.000	0.018	0.042	443	0.010	0.001	0.020	0.040
PS	511	0.021	0.012	0.029	3.8×10-6	458	0.021	0.012	0.030	1.0×10-5
MMNPt	466	0.013	0.003	0.022	0.007	460	0.013	0.004	0.022	0.006
MBRC§	684	0.006	-0.002	0.013	0.154	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Dhaka-WP2	53	0.020	-0.015	0.055	0.277	53	0.019	-0.014	0.052	0.269
Dhaka-WP3	314	0.013	0.003	0.024	0.015	314	0.013	0.002	0.023	0.022
UK-Bang	150	0.024	0.008	0.040	0.004	150	0.021	0.004	0.037	0.015
Meta-analysis	2693	0.013	0.009	0.017	9.1×10 11	1878	0.015	0.01	0.020	1.1×10 10
	mGS adjusted for sex and GA ‖					mGS adjusted for sex, GA and fGS ¶
	N	Effect	L95	U95	P	N	Effec	L95	U95	P
PMNS	461	0.000	-0.008	0.008	0.976	443	0.001	-0.008	0.009	0.876
PS	475	0.011	0.003	0.020	0.013	458	0.011	0.003	0.019	0.011
MMNPt	467	-0.001	-0.009	0.007	0.804	460	0.000	-0.009	0.008	0.957
Dhaka-WP2	53	0.034	0.009	0.059	0.011	53	0.034	0.009	0.059	0.011
Dhaka-WP3	314	0.010	0.001	0.020	0.040	314	0.009	0.000	0.019	0.060
UK-Bang	150	0.016	0.001	0.032	0.041	150	0.012	-0.004	0.028	0.150
Metaanalysis	1920	0.006	0.002	0.010	0.003	1878	0.006	0.002	0.010	0.004

Association analysis was performed using linear regression with standardized birthweight adjusted for sex and gestational age as the dependent variable for each cohort separately and finally the summary results were meta-analyzed. t, In MMNP, allocation group was additionally adjusted for, and §, in MBRC only sex was adjusted for, since gestational age data was not available for the majority of the sample. The effect size is in standard deviation units of birthweight per unit change in genetic score. The standard deviation of birthweight in kg in all these cohorts ranged from 0.34 to 0.45 kg. N, number of term babies; GA, gestational age; I², heterogeneity; Het-P, P value for heterozygosity; P, P value; fGS, fetal genetic score; mGS, maternal genetic score; GA, gestational age. PMNS, Pune Maternal Nutrition Study; PS, Parthenon Study; MMNP, Mumbai Maternal Nutrition Project; MBRC, Mysore Birth Records Cohort; Dhaka-WP2, Work Package 2 of GIFTS; Dhaka-WP3, Work Package 3 of GIFTS; UK-Bang, London UK Bangladeshi cohort.

For fGS, *, I² = 32.8 and Het-P = 0.177; †, I²= 0 and Het-P = 0.643

For mGS, ‖, I²= 63.5 and Het-P = 0.018; ¶, I²=53.7 and Het-P = 0.056.