Abstract
OBJECTIVE
This case series seeks to examine neurocognitive outcomes, social-emotional functioning, and family burden in young children diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis, type 1 (NF1) with early growing plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs).
BACKGROUND
Neurofibromatosis, type 1 (NF1) is a common predisposing chronic disease arising in early childhood, with an incidence of approximately 1:3000. Though NF1 displays a wide range of phenotypic variability, the primary feature of the disease is peripheral nerve sheath tumors called neurofibromas. Less is well known regarding the broader neurocognitive and social-emotional profile in presentations with more complex tumor growths, namely PNFs, which are present in at least half of the NF1-affected population.
METHODS
Participants with NF1 and PNFs (n=2) aged 6-7years completed comprehensive neuropsychological evaluations and parents completed measures of quality of life, social-emotional/behavioral functioning of child, parental stress, family adaptability, and family cohesion.
RESULTS
Outcomes suggest broad neurocognitive dysfunction (e.g., executive functioning deficits, attention problems, visual-motor delays, and poor motor coordination), social-emotional challenges (e.g., symptoms of anxiety and depression, and poor social skills), and familial distress.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings indicate the value of early and frequent monitoring of children with PNFs in medical systems and multi-disciplinary teams, and the importance of early intervention for both children and families.