Table 3.
Cox regression analysis of factors associated with mortality
| HR | 95% CI | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 1.059 | 1.045–1.073 | < 0.001 |
| Gender | 0.699 | 0.531–0.922 | 0.011 |
| Vital signs at admission | |||
| Temperature | 0.990 | 0.870–1.126 | 0.882 |
| PaO2/FiO2 | 0.995 | 0.994–0.997 | < 0.001 |
| PaO2/FiO2 < 300 | 3.519 | 2.549–4.859 | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| LDH | 1.001 | 1.000–1.001 | < 0.001 |
| C-reactive protein | 1.018 | 1.011–1.025 | < 0.001 |
| White blood cell count | 1.044 | 1.015–1.074 | 0.003 |
| Lymphocytes rate | 0.971 | 0.956–0.985 | < 0.001 |
| Chronic diseases | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 1.180 | 0.855–1.628 | 0.314 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.108 | 0.859–1.431 | 0.429 |
| Diabetes | 1.233 | 0.933–1.629 | 0.141 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.390 | 0.925–1.885 | 0.134 |
| COPD | 1.012 | 0.746–1.372 | 0.939 |
| CKD | 1.565 | 0.988–1.983 | 0.066 |
| Stroke | 1.721 | 0.985–3.008 | 0.056 |
| Malignancy | 1.306 | 0.858–1.989 | 0.213 |
| 3 or more comorbidities | 1.322 | 1.034–1.692 | 0.026 |
| Chronical drugs intake | |||
| ACEi | 0.993 | 0.775–1.273 | 0.956 |
| ARBs | 0.771 | 0.584–1.019 | 0.068 |
| CCBs | 0.951 | 0.736–1.229 | 0.702 |
| Alpha blockers | 1.180 | 0.797–1.746 | 0.410 |
| Diuretics | 1.466 | 1.003–1.882 | 0.063 |
| Beta blockers | 1.171 | 0.916–1.497 | 0.207 |
HR hazard ratio, PaO2/FiO2 partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood/fraction of inspired oxygen, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CKD chronic kidney disease, ACEi angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ARBs angiotensin-receptor blockers, CCBs calcium-channel blockers