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. 2013 Apr 5;29(1):20–25. [Article in Spanish] doi: 10.1016/S0212-6567(02)70494-0

¿Estamos diagnosticando a tiempo a las personas infectadas por el VIH?

Are we diagnosing people infected by hiv in time?

J Castilla a,b,*, I Noguer a, MJ Belza a, J del Amo a, F Sánchez b, L Guerra a
PMCID: PMC7684065  PMID: 11820959

Abstract

Objective

To describe the number of AIDS cases who did not know of their HIV infection until they developed AIDS, and the factors relating to this situation.

Design

Descriptive study of data of the National AIDS Register.

Setting

Spain

Patients

Cases of AIDS in the over-14s diagnosed between 1997 and 1999.

Results

Of the 6910 cases of AIDS studied, 35% (n = 2421) knew that they were HIV-positive at the same time as they were diagnosed with AIDS (in the same month or the previous one). The multi-variate analysis showed that this situation occurred less commonly in women (OR = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.53–0.71), in cases diagnosed in prison (OR = 0.19; 95% CI, 0.13–0.27), in cases diagnosed early (OR = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.41–0.60) and among residents in provinces with AIDS rates higher than the Spanish average (OR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78–0.99). Ignorance of HIV infection until the AIDS diagnosis was associated to ages of under 25 and over 34, homo/bisexual transmission (OR = 3.20; 95% CI, 2.69–3.80) and heterosexual transmission (OR = 4.88; 95% CI, 4.21–5.65) compared with intravenous drug users, and to the person coming from countries other than Spain, both developed (OR = 2.78; 95% CI, 1.89–4.08) and under-developed (OR = 1.85; 95% CI, 1.26–2.72) countries.

Conclusions

A considerable number of people diagnosed with AIDS were unaware of their HIV infection, especially among people who had never injected drugs. HIV needs to be diagnosed earlier so as to improve prevention and treatments.

Key words: HIV infection, Early diagnosis, AIDS

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