Abstract
Objetivo
Adaptar al castellano el Inventario Texas Revisado de Duelo (ITRD) de Faschinbaguer et al (1977, 1981) y estudiar su fiabilidad y validez.
Diseño
Se realizó en 2 fases: a) adaptación transcultural de un cuestionario, y b) estudio transversal de fiabilidad y validez.
Emplazamiento
Equipos de atención primaria de Vizcaya.
Participantes
Un total de 118 personas que habían enviudado entre los 3 meses y 3 años anteriores al estudio.
Mediciones y resultados principales
Adaptación transcultural: el ITRD en inglés americano fue traducido, retrotraducido y finalmente comparado con la versión en hispano de Grabowski & Frantz (1993). En cuanto a la fiabilidad, los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach (consistencia interna) de las 2 escalas del ITRD fueron de 0,75 y 0,86. Validez factorial: todos los ítems menos uno ofrecieron saturaciones > 0,40 a los 2 factores extraídos de la rotación varimax. Validez por hipótesis: las escalas del ITRD mostraron diferencias (p < 0,05) entre los dolientes según lo esperado o inesperado del fallecimiento, el lugar donde ocurrió la muerte y el tiempo transcurrido desde ésta; las puntuaciones del ITRD adaptado son similares a las del ITRD hispano en latinos y más elevadas que las del ITRD original y las del ITRD hispano en anglosajones. Validez convergente: las 2 escalas del ITRD correlacionaron positivamente (p < 0,05) con todas las escalas clínicas del Inventario de Experiencias en Duelo de Sanders et al (1985) y García García et al (2001).
Conclusiones
En la evaluación del duelo por la muerte del cónyuge, el ITRD adaptado al castellano es tan fiable y válido como el original.
Palabras clave: Duelo, Cuestionarios, Atención primaria de salud
Abstract
Objectives
To adapt into Spanish the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief (TRIG) of Faschinbaguer et al (1977, 1981) and to examine its reliability and validity
Design
Two stages: a) cross-culture adaptation of a questionnaire, and b) crosssectional study of reliability and validity.
Setting
Primary care teams in Vizcaya, north of Spain.
Participants
118 people who had been widowed between 3 months and 3 years before the study.
Main measurements and results
Cross-culture adaptation: the TRIG was translated from American English, then back-translated and finally compared with the version in American Spanish by Grabowski & Frantz (1993). Reliability: the Cronbach's alpha coefficients (internal consistency) of the 2 TRIG scales were 0.75 and 0.86. Factorial validity: all items except one threw saturation >0.40 on the 2 factors extracted from the varimax rotation. Validity by hypothesis: the TRIG scales showed differences (P<.05) between the grieving in terms of the expected or unexpected character of death, the place where death occurred and time elapsed since the death. The scores on the adapted TRIG were similar to scores on the American Spanish TRIG for Latins and higher than those on the original TRIG and the American Spanish TRIG for Anglo-saxons.
Convergent validity: the 2 TRIG scales correlated positively (P<.05) with all the clinical scales on the Inventory of Grief Experiences of Sanders et al (1985) and García García et al (2001).
Conclusions
In the evaluation of grief due to the death of the spouse, the TRIG adapted to Spanish is as reliable and valid as the original version.
Key words: Grief, Questionnaires, Primary health care
Footnotes
Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Ministerio Español de Sanidad y Consumo, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, expediente n.° 94/1.063.
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