Table 6.
Mycotoxin production in rice cultures of F. temperatum, F. subglutinans, F. verticillioides, and F. proliferatum, isolated from naturally infected maize cobs and stalk samples.
| Species | No. of Isolates | Toxins | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FB1 | FB2 | BEA | FA 3 | MON | FUSA 4 | ENNs 5 | ||
| F. temperatum 6 | 60 | - 1 | - | ++ 2 | ++ | ++ | yes | - |
| F. subglutinans 6 | 5 | - | - | - | + 2 | + | yes | - |
| F. verticillioides | 4 | +++ | +++ | - | - | - | yes | - |
| F. proliferatum | 4 | +++ | +++ | + | + | ++ | yes | - |
1 Metabolite could not be detected (values were below LOD, Table S6). 2 Average concentration of mycotoxins (FB1, FB2, BEA, MON, ENNB, ENNA1): +++ more than 1 g/kg, ++ 0.1 to 1.0 g/kg, + less than 100 mg/kg. 3 Average for FA concentration: +++ more than 10 mg/kg, ++ 1 to 10 mg/kg, + less than 1 mg/kg. 4 FUSA was qualitatively evaluated; yes, indicates the presence of FUSA in the tested sample. 5 ENNB and ENNA1. 6 Fumonisins were detected in a single culture of each F. temperatum and F. subglutinans (see main text).