Table 4.

Percent adult mortality of the Florida and Georgia whitefly populations across insecticide treatments by tube, cup, petri dish, and clip cage bioassay methods, respectively, Tifton, GA, USA, 2019.

Method	Insecticide Treatment	Florida Population	Georgia Population
Tube	check	25.3 ± 3.15 d 1	13.8 ± 2.84 d
	check	13.5 ± 1.91 d	21.6 ± 2.89 d
	pyriproxyfen—low	20.7 ± 4.22 d	28.4 ± 5.40 d
	pyriproxyfen—high	21.7 ± 3.27 d	23.2 ± 3.5 d
	imidacloprid—low	32.9 ± 4.66 c,d	53.6 ± 6.62 c
	imidacloprid—high	55.4 ± 6.42 b,c	65.5 ± 6.02 b,c
	flupyradifurone—low	64.3 ± 5.73 a,b	78.0 ± 5.76 a,b,c
	dinotefuran—low	73.7 ± 5.02 a,b	85.0 ± 4.51 a,b,c
	cyantraniliprole—low	69.0 ± 5.31 a,b	79.3 ± 5.26 a,b,c
	flupyradifurone—high	82.1 ± 3.94 a	87.7 ± 4.31 a,b
	dinotefuran—high	77.2 ± 4.73 a,b	95.8 ± 1.56 a
	cyantraniliprole—high	70.7 ± 6.29 a,b	94.4 ± 2.12 a
Cup	check	9.26 ± 3.00 e	19.6 ± 3.88 e
	check	14.5 ± 3.29 d,e	23.3 ± 3.18 e
	pyriproxyfen—low	21.7 ± 5.21 c,d,e	17.3 ± 4.29 e
	pyriproxyfen—high	18.1 ± 3.57 c,d,e	45.6 ± 7.66 c,d,e
	imidacloprid—low	26.9 ± 4.98 c,d,e	44.5 ± 5.93 d,e
	imidacloprid—high	42.4 ± 5.53 b,c,d	56.8 ± 6.40 b,c,d
	flupyradifurone—low	50.5 ± 5.72 b,c	73.4 ± 6.10 a,b,c
	dinotefuran—low	67.1 ± 5.75 a,b	77.4 ± 4.91 a,b
	cyantraniliprole—low	65.4 ± 5.33 a,b	70.5 ± 7.01 a,b,c,d
	flupyradifurone—high	77.7 ± 5.54 a	85.9 ± 4.42 a
	dinotefuran—high	81.1 ± 3.99 a	89.3 ± 3.23 a
	cyantraniliprole—high	77.1 ± 4.44 a	90.5 ± 3.60 a
Petri dish	check	8.97 ± 2.52 d	25.8 ± 5.74 c
	check	13.2 ± 3.61 d	30.0 ± 7.03 b,c
	pyriproxyfen—low	25.6 ± 5.16 c,d	24.5 ± 4.75 c
	pyriproxyfen—high	27.2 ± 5.84 c,d	36.3 ± 5.94 b,c
	imidacloprid—low	14.6 ± 3.01 d	32.7 ± 5.47 b,c
	imidacloprid—high	31.6 ± 5.09 b,c,d	38.5 ± 5.88 a,b,c
	flupyradifurone—low	55.7 ± 6.22 a,b,c	57.3 ± 7.52 a,b
	dinotefuran—low	48.4 ± 5.54 a,b,c	48.4 ± 6.69 a,b,c
	cyantraniliprole—low	54.6 ± 5.73 a,b,c	49.1 ± 5.87 a,b,c
	flupyradifurone—high	62.4 ± 5.60 a,b	58.6 ± 7.09 a,b
	dinotefuran—high	61.2 ± 5.24 a	58.2 ± 4.76 a,b
	cyantraniliprole—high	65.8 ± 7.04 a	69.7 ± 6.31 a
Clip cage	check	15.4 ± 4.51 d	23.6 ± 7.01 e
	check	19.8 ± 5.52 c,d	23.8 ± 5.00 e
	pyriproxyfen—low	21.2 ± 5.49 c,d	23.1 ± 3.63 e
	pyriproxyfen—high	26.0 ± 5.19 b,c,d	35.7 ± 8.74 c,d,e
	imidacloprid—low	33.3 ± 7.89 b,c,d	31.4 ± 5.14 d,e
	imidacloprid—high	36.5 ± 6.22 b,c,d	46.0 ± 7.53 c,d,e
	flupyradifurone—low	45.7 ± 7.21 a,b,c d	51.7 ± 6.65 c,d,e
	dinotefuran—low	50.9 ± 7.23 a,b,c	64.1 ± 6.82 b,c
	cyantraniliprole—low	53.8 ± 6.34 a,b	67.1 ± 8.10 b,c,d
	flupyradifurone—high	71.9 ± 7.96 a	79.0 ± 5.79 a,b
	dinotefuran—high	66.1 ± 7.88,a	85.2 ± 4.80 a,b
	cyantraniliprole—high	72.6 ± 6.71,a	94.4 ± 3.10 a

¹ Means within method followed by the same lower case letter are not significantly different, Tukey’s p < 0.05.