Table 2.

Microbial metabolites and its functions against Candida species.

Microbial Strains	Bioactive Metabolite	Functions
S. boulardii [52]	Short-chain fatty acids (capric acid)	Filamentation inhibition, and antifungal activity against C. albicans
S. cerevisiae [53,54]	Unknown	Adhesion and filamentation inhibition
I. occidentalis [53]	Unknown	Adhesion and filamentation inhibition
Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. crispatus, L. vaginalis [65,68]	Lectins, hydrogen peroxide, lactic acid	Inhibit cell growth of C. albicans
Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. bifidum, B. gallinarum [68]	Lectins	Inhibit cell growth of C. albicans
Enterococcus faecalis [69]	Peptide EntV	Filamentation inhibition
Pseudomonas aeruginosa [75,79]	Phenazine, 3-oxo-C12 homoserine lactone	Filamentation inhibition
Salmonella typhimurium [72]	Unknown	Inhibit cell growth and filamentation
Streptococcus mutants [73]	Unknown	Inhibit cell growth and filamentation