The authors regret that Table 1 appeared incorrectly in the published version and should appear as follows.
Table 1.
Predominant imaging findings of possible differential diagnosis with COVID-19 pneumonia occurring during outbreak.
| Diagnosis | Distribution | Imaging findings |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CXR | HRCT | ||||
| Infectious |
Bacterial pneumonia | Lobar pattern | lobar or nonsegmental, predominantly unilateral |
- opacity - usually confined by fissure - air bronchogram common - cavitation possible - preserved lung volume |
- consolidations - usually confined by fissure - air bronchogram common - cavitation possible - preserved lung volume |
| Bronchopneumonia pattern | patchy/multifocal, uni- or bilateral |
- nodules - confluent opacities - air bronchogram absent |
- centrilobular nodules - tree-in-bud pattern - small peribronchial consolidations - lobular GG opacities - air bronchogram absent - bronchial wall thickening - mucoid impaction |
||
| Interstitial pneumonia pattern | patchy/multifocal, subpleural and peribronchovascular, uni- or bilateral |
- peribronchial thickening - interstitial opacities - interstitial-alveolar opacities |
- GG opacities - consolidations - crazy paving - centrilobular nodules - thickening of peribronchovascular interstitium |
||
| Viral pneumonia |
Nodular/ micronodular pattern | multifocal, bilateral |
- nodular opacities |
- well- or ill-defined nodules - halo sign - +/- GG opacities |
|
| Bronchiolar pattern | patchy/multifocal, peribronchovascular uni- or bilateral |
- nodules - confluent opacities - air bronchogram absent |
- centrilobular nodules - tree-in-bud pattern - small consolidations - air bronchogram absent - +/- GG opacities - bronchial wall thickening |
||
| Interstitial pattern | patchy/multifocal, subpleural and peribronchovascular, bilateral | - interstitial opacities - reticolonodular opacities - interstitial-alveolar opacities |
- GG opacities - consolidations - interlobular septal thickening - crazy paving - perilobular opacities - nodules possible |
||
| Non-infectious | Cardiogenic pulmonary edema | mid-basal lung predominance, peribronchovascular/ diffuse, bilateral |
- blurring of the vessels - proximal vessel prominence - peribronchial cuffing - Kerley lines - bilateral pleural effusion |
- GG opacities - smooth thickening of the interlobular septa - thickening of peribronchovascular interstitium - enlargement of pulmonary vessels - pleural effusion - mediastinal lymph node enlargement |
|
| Acute exacerbation of fibrotic interstitial pneumonia | multifocal/diffuse, bilateral |
- alveolar opacities - reticular opacities - reduced lung volume |
- new GG opacities in non-fibrotic areas - fibrotic abnormalities |
||
| Drug-toxicity | patchy/multifocal/ diffuse, subpleural/ peribronchovascular, bilateral |
- interstitial opacities - alveolar opacities |
- GG opacities - consolidations - perilobular opacities - +/- fibrotic abnormalities |
||
| Aspiration | decumbent lung zones patchy/multifocal, uni- or bilateral |
- ill-defined alveolar opacities - segmental and lobar opacities |
- consolidations - GG opacities - centrilobular nodules - tree-in-bud pattern - endobronchial material - abscess/cavitation/ effusion/empyema possible - +/- pulmonary ossification |
||
| Exogenous lipoid pneumonia | mid-basal lung predominance, patchy/multifocal, peribronchovascular |
- interstitial-alveolar and/or alveolar opacities - mass-like opacities |
- centrilobular GG opacities - consolidations - smooth septal thickening - crazy paving - fat-containing masses |
||
| Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage | mid lung predominance, diffuse/peribronchovascular, bilateral |
- alveolar opacities | - GG opacities - smooth septal thickening - crazy paving - ill-defined centrilobular nodules - +/- consolidations |
||
CXR: chest X-ray; HRCT: high-resolution computed tomography; GG: ground glass.
The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.