Effects of curcumin-piperine co-supplementation on clinical signs, duration, severity, and inflammatory factors in patients with COVID-19: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Objectives

This study aims to investigate the efficacy of curcumin-piperine co-supplementation on disease duration, severity and clinical symptoms, and inflammatory mediators in patients with coronavirus (COVID-19).

Trial design

This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel arm clinical trial.

Participants

All patients aged 20-75 years with the diagnosis of Covid-19 based on the PCR test. The exclusion criteria will include an age less than 20 and more than 75 years, current use of warfarin or other anticoagulant drugs, and the presence of sensitivity to herbal products such as turmeric and pepper.

This study will be conducted in academic hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Intervention and comparator

Fifty outpatients will be randomly allocated in a ratio of 1:1 to receive a capsule of curcumin-piperine containing 500 mg curcumin plus 5 mg piperine or matching placebo containing 505 mg maltodextrin twice a daily, after lunch and dinner, over a period of 2 weeks. Similarly, 50 inpatients who are admitted to hospital wards excluding intensive care unit (ICU) will be randomly assigned in a ratio of 1:1 to receive a capsule curcumin-piperine or matching placebo (provided by the Sami Labs company) twice a daily, after lunch and dinner, over a period of 2 weeks.

Main outcomes

The main outcomes of this study are the efficacy of curcumin-piperine on coronavirus disease’s clinical symptoms, duration, severity, and inflammatory mediators after 2 weeks of curcumin-piperine co-supplementation.

Randomisation

Randomization sequences will be generated with the use of a random-number table with a permuted block design (block size of 4) and stratification according to the gender variable (male vs. female). These sequences will be prepared by an independent statistician and will be kept in opaque, sealed, numbered envelopes which will be opened only at the time of enrollment. The allocation ratio in intervention and control groups is 1:1. Researchers and all patients will be unaware of the study-group assignment until the completion of data analyses.

Blinding (masking)

This study is a double-blind clinical trial (participant, researcher). The curcumin-piperine and placebo supplements are packaged in similar numbered drug containers, and the researcher and all patients will be unaware of the study assignment until the end of the study.

Numbers to be randomised (sample size)

The calculated total sample size is 100 patients, with 25 patients in each group.

Trial Status

The protocol is Version 2.0, May 24, 2020. Recruitment began May 4, 2020, and is anticipated to be completed by April 19, 2021.

Trial registration

This trial has been registered by the title of “Effect of curcumin-piperine co-supplementation on disease duration, severity and clinical signs, and inflammatory factors in patients with coronavirus (COVID-19): A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial study” in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with code “IRCT20121216011763N46”, https://www.irct.ir/trial/47529. The registration date is May 4, 2020.

Full protocol

The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-020-04924-9.

Authors’ contributions

Study design: MB, AS, MR, BI, GA. Data gathering: MB, MR. Statistical Analysis: MB, AS, MR, GA. Drafting the manuscript: MM, MB, DS, GA. The authors read and approved the final manuscript before submission.

Funding

This study was funded and supported by Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (Grant number: 199014). The Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, and Sami Labs Company have no role in the design of the trial, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, or writing the manuscript.

Availability of data and materials

The final dataset of the trial will be available upon request from the primary investigator via e-mail at askari@mui.ac.ir, after obtaining the permission of the Regional Ethics Committee.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The present trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (Ethics committee reference number: IR.MUI.MED.REC.1399.049) on April 18, 2020. The investigators declare the trial has received ethical approval from the appropriate ethical committee, as described above. Signed informed consent will be completed by all participants, prior to randomization.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.