Abstract
The mitochondrial genome of Eysarcoris guttigerus has been decoded using Illumina sequencing. The mitogenomic size is 15,368 bp with 42.97% A, 33.90% T, 13.22% C, and 9.90% G. It encoded 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA, and 22 transfer RNAs. Phylogenetic tree showed that genus Eysarcoris had a closer relationship with the genus Carbula than the rest of 20 genera.
Keywords: Stink bugs, shield bugs, mitogenome, Hemiptera
Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) can excrete odorous bodily fluids as a defensive strategy when they are disturbed or crushed (Shen and Hu 2017). They are also known as shield bugs for their shield shape. They cause tremendous economic damage to crops by feeding on developing crops. There are nearly 5000 species of stink bugs worldwide; it is difficult to discriminate them by morphological characters alone. Mitogenomic information could shed light on unveiling the relationship of stink bugs. Here, the mitogenome of Eysarcoris guttigerus has been decoded.
Specimens of E. guttigerus were collected from campus of Guizhou Normal University (26°22′50.30″N, 106°38′11.72″E), April 2019. The specimens (GZNU-cqq-11) were stored at Museum of Guizhou Normal University. The mitogenome was sequenced using Illumina HiseqXten and assembled with SOAPdenovo2 (Luo et al. 2012). Gaps were filled using sanger sequencing. Protein-coding genes (PCGs) were identified by blasting with mitogenome of Eysarcoris aeneus (Zhao et al. 2019). tRNAs were identified with MITOS2 (Bernt et al. 2013), rRNAs and A + T-rich region were determined by the boundary of tRNAs. Phylogenetic tree was constructed with whole mitogenome sequences of Pentatomidae using PhyloSuite (Zhang et al. 2019).
The mitogenomic size of E. guttigerus (MN831205) is 15,368 bp. Eysarcoris guttigerus shared similar gene distribution pattern with E. aeneus (Zhao et al. 2019). A total of 81 bp intergenic spacers distributed in 14 locations. The shortest intergenic spacers were 1 bp, whereas the longest intergenic spacer was 25 bp which located between trnS2 and nad1. The shortest overlaps were 1 bp, the longest overlap, locating between trnW and trnC, was 8 bp. The A + T-rich region, locating between rrnS and trnI, was 725 bp. Four PCGs (atp6, cox3, nad4, and cob), four PCGs (nad3, nad5, nad4l, and nad1), two PCGs (nad2 and cox2), two PCGs (atp8 and nad6), and cox1 used ATG, ATT, ATA, TTG, and ATC as start codon, respectively. Nine PCGs used TAA as stop codon. However, cox1, cox2, and atp6 used T-as incomplete stop codon and cox2 used TA– as incomplete stop codon.
At present, 28 verified complete mitogenomes of Pentatomidae are available in NCBI. Phylogenetic tree showed that 28 species belonged to 22 genera (Figure 1). Among these 22 genera, genus Eysarcoris had a closer relationship with genus Carbula than the rest of 20 genera.
Figure 1.
Bayesian phylogenetic tree of 28 Pentatomidae species. Hydaropsis longirostris (Hemiptera: Coreidae) was selected as representative of the outgroup.
Funding Statement
This work was supported by Guizhou Normal University under Grant [11904/0517070]; Science & Technology Department of Guizhou Province under Grant [QiankeheLH (2017)7375; Qiankehe 2019-5617 and Qiankehe 2019-5661].
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
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