Figure 2. Effects of maternal fecal microbime on the frequency of BM and PP Th17 cells and transcript levels of inflammatory cytokines in the offspring.

(A) Relative frequency of Th17 cells (IL-17⁺ CD4⁺ T cells) in PP. (B) SI Il17a mRNA levels. (C,D) Relative and absolute frequency of BM Th17 cells. (E) BM Il17a mRNA levels. (F) SI Tnfa mRNA levels. (G) BM Tnfa mRNA levels. (H) SI Tnfsf11 mRNA levels. (I) BM Tnfsf11 mRNA levels. n = 10 mice per group. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. All data were normally distributed according to the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and post hoc tests applying the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001 compared to indicated groups.

Figure 2—figure supplement 1. Gating strategy used to identify BM (Panel A) and Payer’s patches (Panel B) Th17 cells.

Following red blood cell lysis, single cell suspensions were prepared from Payer’s patches and BM and stained with antibodies to the indicated antigens and live/dead cell dye. Gated regions are numbered from R1 to R6. The figure shows one representative gating of flow cytometric plot.