Table 3.

Studies reporting the efficacy of single- and multi-walled CNTs conjugated with silver and other metals

CNT-metals	Type	Medical application	Species	Major conclusions	Ref.
AgNPs stabilized with DNA	SWCNT	Drug delivery	A broad range of Gram-positive and -negative bacteria	The bactericidal ratio of the AgNP-nanofilm against the major pathogenic organisms was between 57.78% and 78.89%	(Subbiah et al., 2011)
AgNPs	MWCNT	Medical devices	E. coli S. epidermidis	Bacteria viability on the Ag-CNT films decreased by 32% and 13% for S. epidermidis and E. coli, respectively	(Jung et al., 2011)
	SWCNT	Nonspecified	E. coli	The number of bacteria colonies decreased by 4 log in the presence of Ag-CNT hybrid films	(Misra et al., 2012)
	MWCNT	Medical implants	E. coli S. aureus	Polymer shielded with AgNP-CNT inactivated E. coli and S. aureus by 89.3% and 95%, respectively, and reduced the number of adhered bacteria by 80% for both species	(Nie et al., 2017)
	MWCNT	Medical devices	K. pneumoniae S. aureus	The Ag- plasma polymer fluorocarbon nanocomposite films suppressed the growth and proliferation of bacteria by up 92.2% compared with uncoated films	(Cho et al., 2019)
Zn-HA	MWCNT	Bioimplants	B. subtilis E. coli S. aureus Shigella flexneri	Bacterial growth was clearly inhibited by Zn-HA-MWCNT (inhibition zone ≥12 mm)	(Sivaraj and Vijayalakshmi, 2018)
PdNPs	MWCNT	Nonspecified	B. subtilis E. coli K. pneumoniae P. aeruginosa	PdNP-MWCNT composites deposited in a polypyrrole matrix showed 65–81.71% biofilm inhibition	(Murugesan et al., 2018)

AgNPs, silver nanoparticles; MWCNT, multi-walled carbon nanotubes; PdNPs, palladium nanoparticles; SWCNT, single-walled carbon nanotubes; Zn-HA, Zinc-hydroxyapatite.