Table 1.
Statins in clinical studies.
| Study Subjects | Compound | Group Size (# of Treatment) | Effects | Duration of Supplementation | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elderly women | Statins | 3028 (803) | lower cortical porosity and higher cortical bone density | Not reported | [133] |
| Healthy periodontium, chronic periodontitis + T2DM, chronic periodontitis, chronic periodontitis + T2DM+simvastatin | Simvastatin | 80 (20) | Improved clinical parameters of periodontitis (also lowers IL-6 & TNFa). | 5 to 10 years | [156] |
| T2DM with chronic periodontitis | Atorvastatin (Subgingivally local delivery) |
75 | Improved in reducing chronic periodontitis. | 3, 6 and 9 months | [157] |
| T2DM with chronic periodontitis | Rosuvastatin (RSV) or atorvastatin (ATV) (Subgingivally local delivery) | 90 (38) | Improved clinical parameters of periodontitis in RSV group relative to ATV and placebo groups | 6 and 9 months | [158] |
| Hyperlipidemia with osteopenia | Simvastatin gemfibrozil fibrate |
212 (106) | Improved bone mass and significantly higher bone turnover markers | 18 months | [149] |
| Patients with T2DM and hypercholesterolemia | Rosuvastatin or ezetimibe |
36 (18) | Increased serum osteocalcin | 3 months | [155] |
| Postmenopausal women with T2DM | Lovastatin | 55 (28) | Increased BMD in Lumbar spine and Ward’s triangle | 18 months | [150] |
| Women with T2DM | Simvastatin | 111 (37) | * Improved BMD-no significant changes | Mean duration 46 months | [151] |
| US veterans populations | Statins | 91,052 (28,063) | Significant reduction of fracture risk | Not specified, but excluded from the statin group if individuals stopped statin for more than 12 months | [134] |
| Hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal women | Simvastatin | 60 (20) | Significant increase of BMD at the spine and femoral hip | 2 years | [148] |
| T2DM patients | Atorvastatin | 25 | No significant effect on bone turnover markers | 12 weeks | [159] |
| Elderly women over 60 years old | Statins | 3675 (928) | Decreased risk of non-pathological fracture | 1 year or more | [135] |
| Postmenopausal women | Atorvastatin, Pravastatin, Fluvastatin, or Simvastatin |
141 (41) | Improved BMD at the spine and hip | 9 to 78 months | [147] |
| T2DM patients | Lovastatin, Pravastatin, or Simvastatin | 69 (36) | Improved BMD at femoral neck, ward triangles, trochanter and total hip |
15 months | [154] |
* Observation without any statistical significance.