Table 3.
Total phenol content (TPC) of assayed samples (not-digested vs. digested stages).
| Samples | TPC in Espresso | TPC in Americano | TPC in Instant Coffee | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mg GAE/mL ± SD | % | mg GAE/mL ± SD | % | mg GAE/mL ± SD | % | |
| Not digested | 19.8 | 2.1 | 12.3 | |||
| Digestion Stage | ||||||
| Oral satge | 22.2 ± 0.2 | 12.2 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 14.7 | 15.1 ± 0.3 | 23.0 |
| Gastric stage | 24.1 ± 0.3 | 22.0 | 2,6 ± 0.1 | 24.5 | 15.9 ± 0.3 | 29.1 |
| Duodenal stage | 27.0 ± 0.4 | 36.7 | 2.9 ± 0.2 | 41.8 | 16.2 ± 0.4 | 31.4 |
| Pronase (Colonic phase I) | 28.5 ± 0.4 | 43.9 | 3.1 ± 0.2 | 49.7 | 16.3 ± 0.4 | 32.7 |
| Viscozyme L (Colonic phase II) | 21.7 ± 0.3 | 10.0 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 13.2 | 13.9 ± 0.3 | 13.2 |
| Total colonic stage | 50.2 ± 0.4 | 153.9 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 162.9 | 30.33 ± 0.4 | 145.9 |
%: Percentage of increase in TPC (not-digested vs. digested stage). Differences between groups were statistically analyzed with Tukey’s test; p < 0.05 was considered significant.