Table 3.

Summary of methanogenesis in co-cultured anaerobic fungi and methanogens with different lignocellulosic materials.

Combinations of Anaerobic Fungi and Methanogens	Substrate	Incubation Time	Conversion Rate of Methane	Reference
Neocallimastix frontalis PN1 + Methanobrevibacter sp. strain RA1	Whatman no. 1 filter paper	3 days	1.78 mmol methane/g substrate	[29]
	Whatman no. 1 filter paper	7 days	3.35 mmol methane/g substrate	[29]
	Sisal twin fiber	7 days	2.1 mmol methane/g substrate	[83]
	Barley straw leaf	7 days	1.7 mmol methane/g substrate	[83]
Neocallimastix frontalis ATCC 76100 + Methanobacterium formicicum DSM 3637	Cellulose	7 days	5.7 mmol methane/g substrate	[12]
Neocallimastix frontalis ATCC 76100 + Methanosaeta concilii DSM 6752	Cellulose	17 days	4.3 mmol methane/g substrate	[12]
Neocallimastix frontalis PNK2 + Methanobrevibacter smithii PS	Fresh ryegrass stem	6 days	8.75 mL methane/g substrate	[99]
	Fresh ryegrass leaf	6 days	8 mL methane/g substrate	[99]
Piromyces + Methanobrevibacter thaueri CW	Rice straw	4 days	1.05 mmol methane/g DM	[8]
	Wheat straw	4 days	1.16 mmol methane/g DM	[8]
	Maize stem	4 days	0.71 mmol methane/g DM	[8]
	Corncob	4 days	2.17 mmol methane/g DM	[8]
	Wheat bran	4 days	1.06 mmol methane/g DM	[8]
Piromyces + Methanobrevibacter sp. Z8	Rice straw	4 days	1.06 mmol methane/g DM	[8]
	Wheat straw	4 days	0.96 mmol methane/g DM	[8]
	Maize stem	4 days	0.58 mmol methane/g DM	[8]
	Corncob	4 days	1.90 mmol methane/g DM	[8]
	Wheat bran	4 days	1.23 mmol methane/g DM	[8]
Orpinomyces sp. + Methanobrevibacter sp.	Corn core	4 days	1.61 mmol methane/g substrate	[85]
Neocallimastix sp + Methanobrevibacter sp.	Corn core	4 days	1.96 mmol methane/g substrate	[85]
Pecoramyces sp. + Methanobrevibacter sp.	Corn stover leaf blade	3 days	56.6 mL/g digested substrate	[94]