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. 2021 Feb 1;9:e10280. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10280

Figure 1. Overview of the lncRNA GHSROS and its expression in cancer.

Figure 1

(A) The GHSR and GHSROS gene loci. GHSR exons (black), GHSROS exon (red), repetitive elements (orange), introns (lines). (B) GHSROS expression in 19 cancers (TissueScan Cancer Survey Tissue qPCR panel). N (black) denotes normal tissue; T tumor (red). For each cancer, data are expressed as mean fold change using the comparative 2−ΔΔCt method against a non-malignant control tissue. Normalized to β-actin (ACTB). (C) Relative gene expression of GHSROS in OriGene cDNA panels of tissues from normal prostate (n = 24; blue), primary prostate cancer (n = 88; red), and other prostatic diseases (n = 31; orange). Determined by qRT-PCR, normalized to ribosomal protein L32 (RPL32), and represented as standardized expression values (Z-scores). (D) GHSROS expression in an Andalusian Biobank prostate tissue cohort. Absolute expression levels were determined by qRT-PCR and adjusted by a normalization factor calculated from the expression levels of three housekeeping genes (HPRT, ACTB, and GAPDH). NP denotes non-malignant prostate. *P ≤ 0.05, Mann–Whitney-Wilcoxon test. (E) Expression of GHSROS in immortalized, cultured cell lines and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) lines. Mean ±  s.e.m. (n = 3). *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, *** P ≤ 0.001, Student’s t-test. Normalized as in (b) to the RWPE-1 non-malignant cell line. Androgen-independent lines are labeled in orange.