Table 4.
Uses and properties of main phenolic compounds found in Mexican oregano extracts from different regions of Jalisco state.
| Compound | Importance |
|---|---|
| Flavanones | |
| Pinocembrin | Naturally found in honey and propolis. Pinocembrin has shown anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, antimicrobial and vasodilator activity and antiproliferative properties [28]. There are reports of protective activity against cerebral ischemia. Likewise, there are several studies of application technologies and pharmaceutical use [29,30,31]. |
| Naringenin | Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, carbohydrate metabolism promoter and immune system modulator. Naringenin has high capacity to reduce plasma cholesterol level and useful for the treatment of hepatitis C [32]. Antimetastatic, naringenin stimulates DNA repair [33]. |
| Eriodictyol | It is extracted from yerba santa (Eriodictyon californicum). Eriodictyol has potential use in Parkinsons treatment [9]. |
| Flavonols | |
| Galangin | It is found in high concentrations in Alpinia officinarum and Helichrysum aureonitens. Galangin has antiviral and antibacterial properties [9]. |
| Quercetin | It is found in high concentrations in onions. Presents antihistamine activity and antimutagenic, proapoptotic, antiangiogenic, antimetastatic properties and is a modulator of epigenetic changes [34]. |
| Flavones | |
| Genkwanin | Antioxidant and antitumoral activities [35]. This is swine fever inhibitor [36]. |
| Hispidulin | It has only been reported in Rosmarinus officinalis. Presents antihepatotoxic, cough suppressant, platelet aggregation inhibitor activities and anticancer properties in liver cells [37]. |
| Apigenin 7-O-glucoside | Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antihemolysis [28]. Antimutagenic, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic [38,39]. |
| Flavanonols | |
| Taxifolin | Protective action of vascular system, anticancer. Promotes formation and stabilization of collagen fibrils [9]. |
| Chalcones | |
| Phlorizin | It is found in high concentration in cultivated apples, their leaves and the bark of the roots from where it is obtained in crystalline form. It produces glycosuria in animals [9]. |