Abstract
Introduction: Multiple factors like age, gender and sociocultural factors contribute to tooth loss [1–3]. Despite improved healthcare, 29,9% of the Portuguese population has more than 6 teeth missing [4]. Apart from the study of Carneiro [1] and Forjaz [5] there is a lack of Portuguese studies on this issue. Our goal is to portray edentulism in a sample of patients at Egas Moniz University Dental Clinic (EMUDC) in Almada.
Materials and methods: Prior to data collecting approval by the ethics committee of the Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz was obtained. From November 2015 to March 2018 a random sample on 100 individuals from a total of 350 patients of the prosthodontic clinic of the EMUDC was selected. These were evaluated and characterized by: age, sex, Kennedy classification and Kennedy modification. A descriptive statistical analysis with crosstabs procedures was applied to check frequencies using the SPSS Statistics 20.0 software.
Results: The average age was 61,1. 60% of the sample were women. In the maxilla (Table 1), the most common Kennedy classification was III (31%) with an average modification of 1,03. For women a tie between Kennedýs class II and III (25% each) was found making both the most common. For men Kennedýs class III (40%) was the most common while Class IV was not found in the studied population. For the mandible (Table 2) the most common Kennedy classification was I (37%) for both men and women. Class IV was not found in women and it was the least found in men (2,5%).
Discussion/Conclusion: Most of the edentulous arches are in the mandible (87 %), as concluded by several authors [2,3,5,6]. The most prevalent of edentulous class was Kennedy's class III (31%) and the lowest class IV (1,5%) [2,6]. Similarly, to Carneiro in 2013 [1], Forjaz in 2016 [5] and Souza in 2015 in a Brazilian population [3] patients had an average age of 59 and 68 % were women.
Table 1.
Kennedy classification of the Maxilla distribution by sex.
| Edentulous | I | II | III | IV | With teeth | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | |||||||
| Count | 1 | 4 | 10 | 16 | 9 | 40 | |
| % within Gender | 2,5 | 10,0 | 25,0 | 40,0 | 22,5 | 100,0 | |
| % within Kennedy class | 33,3 | 22,2 | 40,0 | 51,6 | 42,9 | 40,0 | |
| % of Total | 1,0 | 4,0 | 10,0 | 16,0 | 9,0 | 40,0 | |
| Women | |||||||
| Count | 2 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 2 | 12 | 60 |
| % within Gender | 3,3 | 23,3 | 25,0 | 25,0 | 3,3 | 20,0 | 100,0 |
| % within Kennedy class | 66,7 | 77,8 | 60,0 | 48,4 | 100,0 | 57,1 | 60,0 |
| % of Total | 2,0 | 14,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 2,0 | 12,0 | 60,0 |
| Total | |||||||
| Count | 3 | 18 | 25 | 31 | 2 | 21 | 100 |
| % within Gender | 3,0 | 18,0 | 25,0 | 31,0 | 2,0 | 21,0 | 100,0 |
| % within Kennedy class | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 |
| % of Total | 3,0 | 18,0 | 25,0 | 31,0 | 2,0 | 21,0 | 100,0 |
Table 2.
Kennedy classification of the Mandible distribution by sex.
| Edentulous | I | II | III | IV | With teeth | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | |||||||
| Count | 13 | 13 | 8 | 1 | 5 | 40 | |
| % within Gender | 32,5 | 32,5 | 20,0 | 2,5 | 12,5 | 100,0 | |
| % within Kennedy class | 35,1 | 50,0 | 38,1 | 100,0 | 38,5 | 40,0 | |
| % of Total | 13,0 | 13,0 | 8,0 | 1,0 | 5,0 | 40,0 | |
| Women | |||||||
| Count | 2 | 24 | 13 | 13 | 8 | 60 | |
| % within Gender | 3,3 | 40,0 | 21,7 | 21,7 | 13,3 | 100,0 | |
| % within Kennedy class | 100,0 | 64,9 | 50,0 | 61,9 | 61,5 | 60,0 | |
| % of Total | 2,0 | 24,0 | 13,0 | 13,0 | 8,0 | 60,0 | |
| Total | |||||||
| Count | 2 | 37 | 26 | 21 | 1 | 13 | 100 |
| % within Gender | 2,0 | 37,0 | 26,0 | 21,0 | 1,0 | 13,0 | 100,0 |
| % within Kennedy class | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 |
| % of Total | 2,0 | 37,0 | 26,0 | 21,0 | 1,0 | 13,0 | 100,0 |
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