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. 2021 Jan 22;13(2):140. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020140

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Adeno-associated-based vaccine. (A) The wild-type adeno-associated virus (AAV) genome can be modified by replacing the gene for replication (REP) and structural genes (CAP) with the transgene of interest. (B) A transgene containing promoter and regulatory elements is cloned between the two inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) to generate a recombinant AAV (rAAV) genome. For the production of rAAV particles, the construct carrying the transgene should be co-transfected in permissive cells with plasmids that contain REP and CAP genes (C), and adenovirus helper genes (D,E).