Table 5.
Longitudinal associations between percentage n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in serum phospholipids and incident all-cause dementia over a 7-year follow-up period (n = 1264).
| Fatty acids | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | |
| Omega-3 fatty acids | ||||
| alpha-Linolenic acid (SD) | 0.92 (0.80; 1.05) | 0.213 | 0.95 (0.82; 1.09) | 0.420 |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid (SD) | 0.91 (0.79; 1.06) | 0.216 | 0.93 (0.81; 1.08) | 0.332 |
| Docosahexaenoic acid (SD) | 1.04 (0.91; 1.18) | 0.566 | 1.08 (0.95; 1.23) | 0.248 |
| Omega-6 fatty acids | ||||
| Linoleic acid (SD) | 1.04 (0.91; 1.18) | 0.577 | 1.07 (0.94; 1.22) | 0.311 |
| Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (SD) | 1.03 (0.90; 1.18) | 0.631 | 1.05 (0.91; 1.21) | 0.490 |
| Arachidonic acid (SD) | 1.02 (0.90; 1.16) | 0.739 | 0.98 (0.85; 1.13) | 0.797 |
Abbreviations: DHA = docosahexaenoic acid; EPA= eicosapentaenoic acid; n-3 = omega-3 fatty acids; n-6 = omega-6 fatty acids. Model 1: age, gender, APOE ε4, education. Model 2: Model 1 plus BMI, physical activity, smoking, cognitive decline, alpha-tocopherol, triglyceridesα, total cholesterol, and lipid-lowering medication (i.e., statins and fibrates). A p-value < 0.05 is considered to be statistical significant.