Figure 2.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 GsGd virus incursions into Europe (2005–2020) were associated with abundant reassortment with Asian and European low pathogenic avian influenza viruses. Multiple different clade 2.3.4.4b assortments circulated with some variants containing genomic segments derived from low pathogenic avian influenza viruses circulating in wild birds in Europe, suggesting reassortment upon introduction into Europe. Please note that inference of reassortment location is heavily biased by the intensity of influenza surveillance and the availability of virus genome sequences. References used [35,55,76].