Table 4.

ANOVA analysis for variables measured in the SML and SSW, as well as in the air between Arctic and Antarctic systems. df: degree of freedom; F: Fisher coefficient; p: significance level values in bold. * Significant higher values in Arctic than in Antarctic waters; * significant higher values in Antarctic than in Arctic waters. ns: no significant values. For variable acronyms and units, see Table 1 and Table 2.

Variable	Water/Air	df	F	p	Value Comparison
Temperature	SSW	36	3.72	0.05	*
Salinity	SSW	36	21.94	<0.0001	*
DOC	SSW	34	13.2	<0.0009	*
	EF	28	0.780	0.345	ns
PO4	SML	29	91.11	<0.00001	*
	SSW	34	121.36	<0.00001	*
	EF	29	0.66	0.42	ns
SiO4	SML	29	195.75	<0.00001	*
	SSW	34	777.68	<0.00001	*
	EF	28	0.15	0.70	ns
NO3+NO2	SML	28	112.60	<0.00001	*
	SSW	33	114.91	<0.00001	*
	EF	24	1.69	0.206	ns
NH4	SML	24	1.84	0.190	ns
	SSW	28	70.58	0.003	*
Wind	air	36	0.70	0.391	ns
UVB	air	21	12.51	0.0021	*
	EF	37	0.16	0.693	ns
VA	SML	37	1.81	0.186	ns
	SSW	37	2.05	0.161	ns
	EF	37	0.67	0.418	ns
VPR	SML	37	10.46	0.003	*
	SSW	37	14.52	0.0005	*
	EF	37	0.06	0.805	ns
PA	SML	37	5.49	0.025	*
	SSW	37	18.21	0.0001	*
	EF	37	1.09	0.301	ns
PHP	SML	37	0.97	0.331	ns
	SSW	37	5.80	0.021	*
	EF	13	5.98	0.031	*
VPL	SML	13	95.44	<0.00001	*
	SSW	13	41.47	<0.0001	*
	EF	13	1.46	0.251	ns
RLC	SML	13	1.69	0.219	ns
	SSW	13	11.08	0.006	*
	EF	13	0.83	0.380	ns
%VMM	SML	13	14.49	0.003	*
	SSW	13	21.47	0.0006	*
	EF	19	0.37	0.552	ns
HNF	SML	19	0.27	0.609	ns
	SSW	19	0.003	0.955	ns
	EF	18	5.22	0.036	*
PNF	SML	19	0.23	0.636	ns
	SSW	19	20.27	0.0003	*