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. 2021 Feb 4;10(2):333. doi: 10.3390/foods10020333

Table 2.

Instrumental color CIE LAB values and water activity (aw) of milk chocolate added with probiotics and fish oil.

Treatments Color Properties aw
L* a* b* C* h° ΔE* WI
Control 19.1 ± 2.12 a 4.60 ± 0.04 a 4.42 ± 0.04 a 6.38 ± 0.01 a 0.77 ± 0.01 b 0 18.85 ± 2.11 a 0.50 ± 0.03 a
Prob 12.5 ± 1.25 bc 4.12 ± 0.24 ab 4.36 ± 0.29 a 6.00 ± 0.35 a 0.81 ± 0.02 a 6.68 ± 1.25 abc 12.25 ± 1.25 bc 0.45 ± 0.00 b
FO1 13.3 ± 0.33 bc 4.26 ± 0.22 ab 4.54 ± 0.41 a 6.23 ± 0.45 a 0.81 ± 0.02 a 5.90 ± 0.32 bc 13.03 ± 0.35 bc 0.44 ± 0.00 b
FO2 9.98 ± 0.67 c 4.22 ± 0.05 ab 4.72 ± 0.09 a 6.33 ± 0.10 a 0.84 ± 0.00 a 9.13 ± 0.67 a 9.76 ± 0.68 c 0.46 ± 0.00 b
Prob + FO1 13.83 ± 0.61 b 3.93 ± 0.25 b 4.09 ± 0.33 a 5.67 ± 0.41 a 0.80 ± 0.01 ab 5.35 ± 0.64 c 13.64 ± 0.59 b 0.44 ± 0.00 b
Prob + FO2 11.20 ± 0.87 bc 4.31 ± 0.28 ab 4.87 ± 0.41 a 6.50 ± 0.49 a 0.85 ± 0.01 a 7.94 ± 0.89 ab 10.96 ± 0.90 bc 0.47 ± 0.00 ab

Different letters show significant difference between treatments (p < 0.05).; L*, brightness from black (0) to white (100); a*, from green (−) to red (+); b*, from blue (−) to yellow (+); C*, chroma; h°; hue angle; ΔE, color change; WI, white index; aw, water activity. All data are presented as means ± S.D. Treatments: Control, Prob = Probiotics, FO1 = fish oil added at 3.24% (w/w), FO2 = fish oil added at 6.48% (w/w).