CCL17 derived from lactate-activated TAMs mediates the invasion of PAs through binding to CCR4. A-C, Quantification of various TAM-derived chemokines and cytokines in PMA-treated THP1 cells stimulated with lactic acid (A), CM from human primary PA cells (B), or IL4 (10 ng/ml) (C) for 24 h. D, Representative images of wound-healing assay using GH3 cells in the presence or absence of CCL17 (50 ng/ml), AZD2098 (20 µM), or combination. E, PCNA and EMT biomarker protein expression in GH3 cells under stimulation with CCL17, AZD2098, or combination for 24 h. F, Proliferation of GH3 cells following 24, 48, and 72 h stimulation under CCL17, AZD2098, or combination. G, Cell cycle assays in GH3 cells in the presence or absence of CCL17, AZD2098, or combination. H, Tumor growth curve in tumors derived from NOD/SCID tumor-bearing mice treated with PBS, AZD2098 (1.5 mg/kg), CCL17 (0.1 µg/kg), or combination. I, Representative images and J, mass weight of tumors derived from NOD/SCID tumor-bearing mice treated with PBS, AZD2098, CCL17, or combination. K, HE staining of edge region of tumor and muscle tissues derived from the PBS, AZD2098, CCL17, or combination group. All t-tests were two-tailed. Mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.