Table 4.
Relationship between serum expression levels of PVT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, MALAT1, PAI-1, and OPN, and the clinicopathological characteristics in breast cancer patients.
| Parameter | PVT1 | HOTAIR | NEAT1 | MALAT1 | PAI-1 | OPN | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | <50 | 4.89 | 0.45 | 1.26 | 0.10 | 21.94 ± 14.18 | 35.15 ± 11.68 |
| >50 | 2.12 | 0.31 | 1.95 | 0.11 | 29 ± 18.68 | 53.49 ± 27.26 | |
| p | 0.21 | 0.85 | 0.58 | 0.72 | 0.15 | 0.019 * | |
| Family History | Yes | 2.78 | 0.33 | 1.64 | 0.12 | 25.22 ± 19.39 | 51.34 ± 26.78 |
| No | 2.34 | 0.70 | 2.13 | 0.11 | 21.91 ± 9.67 | 44.55 ± 23.15 | |
| p | 0.92 | 0.38 | 0.39 | 0.86 | 0.46 | 0.35 | |
| Diabetes Mellitus | Yes | 2.07 | 0.10 | 1.35 | 0.10 | 27.78 ± 2.12 | 45.71 ± 22.49 |
| No | 3.27 | 0.49 | 1.88 | 0.11 | 22.76 ± 14.13 | 49.02 ± 26.09 | |
| p | 0.49 | 0.01 * | 0.35 | 0.56 | 0.37 | 0.7147 | |
| Hypertension | Yes | 2.07 | 0.16 | 1.87 | 0.10 | 20.84 ± 11.28 | 47.92 ± 21.76 |
| No | 3.27 | 0.43 | 1.77 | 0.11 | 24.49 ± 16.8 | 48.46 ± 26.27 | |
| p | 0.44 | 0.10 | 0.78 | 0.53 | 0.51 | 0.95 | |
| Liver | Normal | 3.31 | 0.19 | 0.82 | 0.08 | 31.81 ± 21.6 | 53.12 ± 26.35 |
| Fatty liver | 2.54 | 0.69 | 1.88 | 0.12 | 22.23 ± 14.29 | 47.45 ± 25.23 | |
| p | 0.96 | 0.08 | 0.17 | 0.24 | 0.11 | 0.57 | |
| Tumor Size | >5 | 2.91 | 0.46 | 2.40 | 0.10 | 22.58 ± 10.75 | 51.33 ± 27.80 |
| <5 | 2.27 | 0.29 | 1.20 | 0.15 | 25.54 ± 2.15 | 43.89 ± 20.66 | |
| p | 0.29 | 0.77 | 0.033 * | 0.08 | 0.52 | 0.31 | |
| Tumor Type | Invasive ductal carcinoma | 2.54 | 0.34 | 1.80 | 0.11 | 22.68 ± 13.58 | 49.91±25.71 |
| Invasive lobular carcinoma | 4.77 | 0.59 | 2.03 | 0.14 | 36.29 ± 3.3 | 30.49 ± 3.598 | |
| p | 0.92 | 0.46 | 0.8204 | 0.24 | 0.09 | 0.14 | |
| Tumor Grade | G I, II | 2.78 | 0.36 | 1.88 | 0.10 | 23.55 ± 13.79 | 46.37 ± 22.6 |
| G III | 2.39 | 0.42 | 1.06 | 0.12 | 24.63 ± 2.31 | 56.28 ± 2 | |
| p | 0.39 | 0.84 | 0.79 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.27 | |
| Tumor Stage | T2 | 2.90 | 046 | 1.20 | 0.09 | 22.58 ± 10.75 | 51.33 ± 27.8 |
| T3, T4 | 2.26 | 0.29 | 2.40 | 0.14 | 25.54 ± 2.15 | 43.89 ± 20.66 | |
| P | 0.29 | 0.77 | 0.033 * | 0.08 | 0.52 | 0.31 | |
| Lymph Node | N1 | 2.85 | 0.16 | 1.12 | 0.09 | 22.82 ± 9.733 | 50.64 ± 17.2 |
| N2 | 2.39 | 0.40 | 1.842 | 0.12 | 25.28 ± 18.67 | 42.34 ± 23.37 | |
| N3 | 2.91 | 0.38 | 2.231 | 0.09 | 21.27±12.46 | 59.08 ± 13 | |
| P | 0.88 | 0.61 | 0.22 | 0.32 | 0.74 | 0.12 | |
| ER and PR | Positive | 3.12 | 0.23 | 1.26 | 0.11. | 28.73 ± 2.37 | 30 ± 7.18 |
| Negative | 2.54 | 0.42 | 1.88 | 0.11 | 22.82 ± 14.02 | 51.85 ± 25.95 | |
| P | 0.93 | 0.46 | 0.68 | 0.81 | 0.33 | 0.023 * | |
LncRNAs PVT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, and MALAT1 gene expression are shown as fold change and the data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test or Mann-Whitney U tests and presented as the median, while serum levels of PAI-1 and OPN (ng/mL) were analyzed by ANOVA or Student’s t-test and data are presented as or mean ± standard deviation (SD). * Statistical significance at p < 0.05; PVT1, plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 gene; HOTAIR, HOX transcript antisense RNA; NEAT1, nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1; MALAT1, metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; OPN, osteopontin; tumors were graded according to the modified Bloom–Richardson system [39]; T size of the tumor, T2 (2–5 cm), T3 (>5 cm), T4 (infiltration of the chest wall/skin), N regional lymph node involvement, N1 cancer has spread to one to three axillary lymph node(s), and/or tiny amounts of cancer are found in internal mammary lymph nodes on lymph node biopsy, N2 cancer has spread to four to nine axillary lymph nodes, or cancer has enlarged the internal mammary lymph nodes, N3 cancer has spread to axillary lymph nodes, the internal mammary lymph nodes and/or infraclavicular and supraclavicular lymph nodes; ER and PR, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor [38,39].