Table 3.

Relevant examples of natural compounds found in clinical trials (according to data from US National Library of Medicine – ClinicalTrials.gov).

Natural Compound	Identifier/Status	Cancer Type/Conditions	Title	Observations
Resveratrol	NCT00256334/Completed	Colon cancer	Resveratrol for Patients With Colon Cancer	Patients were randomly assigned to one of four dose cohorts: plant-derived resveratrol tablets (80 mg/day and 20 mg/day), Grape Powder dissolved in water and taken orally (120 g/day and 80 g/day).
	NCT02261844/Withdrawn (No funding)	Liver cancer	Resveratrol and Human Hepatocyte Function in Cancer	Resveratrol 1 g daily for 10 days Dietary Supplement: Resveratrol Resveratrol 1 g po x 10 days prior to liver resection
	NCT01476592/Completed	Neuroendocrine tumor	A Biological Study of Resveratrol’s Effects on Notch-1 Signaling in Subjects With Low Grade Gastrointestinal Tumors	5 g/day of resveratrol orally, in two divided doses of 2.5 g each without a break in therapy for a total of three cycles
	NCT00433576/Completed	Colorectal cancer	Resveratrol in Treating Patients With Colorectal Cancer That Can Be Removed By Surgery	STAGE II: Patients receive oral resveratrol on days 1–8 and undergo colorectomy on day 9.
	NCT00098969/Completed	Unspecified Adult Solid Tumor, Protocol Specific	UMCC 2003-064 Resveratrol in Preventing Cancer in Healthy Participants	This phase I trial is studying the side effects and best dose of resveratrol in preventing cancer in healthy participants.
	NCT03253913/Unknown	Lymphangioleiomyomatosis	Resveratrol and Sirolimus in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Trial	Resveratrol 250 mg daily for the first 8 weeks, followed by 250 mg twice daily for the next 8 weeks, and then 500mg twice daily for the last 8 weeks.
	NCT04266353/Suspended (Due to COVID-19)	Breast cancer	Effect of Resveratrol on Serum IGF2 Among African American Women	Participants with receive resveratrol at 150 mg daily for 6 weeks
	NCT00578396/Unknown	Colon cancer	Phase I Biomarker Study of Dietary Grape-Derived Low Dose Resveratrol for Colon Cancer Prevention	-
Curcumin	NCT03980509/Recruiting	Breast Cancer	A "Window Trial" on Curcumin, the Active Compound in Turmeric, for Invasive Breast Cancer Primary Tumors	Curcumin (500 mg) will be orally administered twice a day, after each meal from the time surgical resection is scheduled until the night before surgical resection.
	NCT04294836/Not yet Recruiting	Cervical Cancer	Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial of Oral Turmeric Supplementation in Patients With Advanced Cervical Cancer	Curcumin administered in a dosage of 2000 mg daily, in association with cisplatin and radiotherapy for 16 weeks
	NCT02724202/Active, not recruiting	Colon Cancer	A Pilot, Feasibility Study of Curcumin in Combination With 5FU for Patients With 5FU-Resistant Metastatic Colon Cancer	Curcumin at a dosage of 500 mg twice/day will be orally administered for 2 weeks. Patients will continue on curcumin at the same dose for an additional 6 weeks while being treated with 3 cycles of 5-fluorouracil
EGCG	NCT02891538/Recruiting	Colorectal Cancer	A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Chemopreventive Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Patients With Curative Resections	EGCG (highly purified and refined green tea extract-Teavigo™) administered at a dosage of 450 mg twice a day
	NCT01317953/Available	Lung Cancer	Phase I Study of Oral Green Tea Extract as Maintenance Therapy for Extensive-stage Small Cell Lung Cancer	Increasing doses of EGCG (400, 800, 1200, 1600 and 2000 mg) administered daily
	NCT00917735/Completed	Breast Cancer	Phase II, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Study of the Efficacy of Green Tea Extract on Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Risk in High Risk Women With Differing Catechol-O-methyl Transferase (COMT) Genotypes	Oral administration of two Green tea extract capsules containing 51.7% EGCG, twice daily after breakfast and dinner for one year.
Quercetin	NCT01538316/ Unknown	Prostate Cancer	Clinical Trial on the Effectiveness of the Flavonoids Genistein and Quercetin in Men With Rising Prostate-specific Antigen	500 mg of quercetin supplement (+ vitamin C + folic acid + vitamin B3) administered daily over a period of six months, followed by genistein and placebo administration.
	NCT03476330/Recruiting	Squamous Cell Carcinoma	Quercetin Chemoprevention for Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patients With Fanconi Anemia	Quercetin administered orally twice daily at an wheight-based adjusted dosage (maximum 4000 mg/day).
Betulinic acid	NCT00346502/Suspended	Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome	Phase I/II Evaluation of Topical Application of 20% Betulinic Acid Ointment in the Treatment of Dysplastic Nevi With Moderate to Severe Dysplasia	Daily application of the 20% betulinic acid ointment to the dysplastic nevi site for a period of four weeks.
Artemisimin (Artesunate)	NCT00764036/Completed	Breast Cancer	Prospective Open Uncontrolled Phase I Study of Compatibility, Safety&Pharmacokinetics of Artesunate, a Semisynthetic Derivative of Artemisinin From the Chinese Herb Artemisia Annua in Patients With Metastatic/Locally Advanced Breast Cancer	The administration of the drug was as follows: daily single oral doses of 100, 150 or 200 mg of artesunate, for 4 weeks.
	NCT03093129/Recruiting	Colorectal Cancer	Phase II Randomised, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial of Neoadjuvant Artesunate in Stage II/III Colorectal Cancer in Vietnamese Patients	Daily administration of artesunate (200 mg) for 14 days.
	NCT04098744/Recruiting	Cervical Neoplasia	A Phase II Double Blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized Trial of Artesunate Vaginal Inserts for the Treatment of Patients With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN2/3)	Participants will receive three 5-day cycles of artesunate inserts, 200 mg per day, at weeks 0, 2, and 4.
Rutin	NCT00003365/Terminated	Colon Cancer	The Effect of Plant Phenolic Compounds on Human Colon Epithelial Cells	The administration of rutin was twice a day, for 6–10 weeks. Other phytocompounds (e.g. curcumin, quercetin) were evaluated in this study as well.
Ginseng	NCT00631852/Completed	Breast Cancer	A Phase II Biomarker Trial of Gelatin Encapsulated Extract of American Ginseng Root (LEAG) in Breast Cancer	The administration of American Ginseng Root extract was organised as follows: four 250 mg tablets daily for 5–14 days prior to surgery.
	NCT02603016/Completed	Lung Neoplasm Breast Carcinoma	Phase 1 Study of Clinical Nutrition That Research Safty and Efficacy in Lung Neoplasms And Breast Carcinoma	Two tablets of Ginseng were administered by mouth, twice a day for 42 days.