Figure 3.

(A) Immunofluorescence images (magnification 63×/1.46 oil) showing the protective effect of rosemary extract against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein loss. Cells were pretreated without or with 20 µg/mL rosemary extract for 24 h, followed by exposure to 100 µM tBHP for 16 h. Immunofluorescence protocol (described in Section 2.6.) was followed to probe for ZO-1 proteins using a confocal microscope. (B) Immunofluorescence data were expressed as fluorescence intensity per cell relative to the control. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test were used to determine significance. * p < 0.05.