Table 2.
Cortical fatty acid composition of mice fed orally with control solution, fish hydrolysate or DHA by daily gavage for 18 days, 2 h following LPS injection (125 µg/kg).
| Fatty Acid (% of Total Fatty Acids) | Control | Hydrolysate | DHA | Statistical Effect | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saline | LPS | Saline | LPS | Saline | LPS | Supplementation | LPS | Supplementation × LPS | |
| 14:0 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | - | - | - |
| 15:0 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | - | - | - |
| 16:0 | 21.43 ± 0.22 | 21.36 ± 0.31 | 21.36 ± 0.15 | 21.49 ± 0.12 | 21.27 ± 0.07 | 21.10 ± 0.15 | - | - | - |
| 17:0 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.02 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | - | - | - |
| 18:0 | 20.03 ± 0.06 a | 19.65 ± 0.04 b | 20.06 ± 0.08 a | 19.66 ± 0.17 b | 19.74 ± 0.05 b | 19.78 ± 0.09 b | - | p = 0.0001 | p = 0.0034 |
| 20:0 | 0.22 ± 0.01 | 0.21 ± 0.01 | 0.21 ± 0.01 | 0.21 ±0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.01 | 0.23 ± 0.01 | - | - | - |
| 22:0 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.00 | - | - | - |
| 24:0 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.00 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | - | - | - |
| SFAs | 42.31 ± 0.21 | 41.89 ± 0.32 | 42.27 ± 0.19 | 42.00 ± 0.15 | 41.89 ± 0.08 | 41.76 ± 0.20 | - | - | - |
| 16:1n-9 | 0.15 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.00 | 0.15 ± 0.00 | 0.15 ± 0.00 | p = 0.0047 | - | - |
| 16:1n-7 | 0.51 ± 0.01 | 0.53 ± 0.01 | 0.52 ± 0.00 | 0.53 ± 0.01 | 0.52 ± 0.01 | 0.52 ± 0.01 | - | - | - |
| 18:1t | 0.03 ± 0.00 a | 0.03 ± 0.00 a | 0.04 ± 0.00 a | 0.04 ± 0.01 a | 0.04 ± 0.01 a | 0.07 ± 0.00 b | p = 0.0004 | - | p = 0.0114 |
| 18:1n-9 | 14.04 ± 0.11 | 14.17 ± 0.11 | 14.17 ± 0.11 | 14.12 ± 0.10 | 14.22 ± 0.18 | 14.42 ± 0.11 | - | - | - |
| 18:1n-7 | 3.51 ± 0.01 | 3.55 ± 0.04 | 3.53 ± 0.02 | 3.50 ± 0.02 | 3.49 ± 0.03 | 3.49 ± 0.01 | - | - | - |
| 20:1n-9 | 0.90 ± 0.03 | 0.94 ± 0.04 | 0.90 ± 0.03 | 0.90 ± 0.03 | 0.93 ± 0.06 | 0.96 ± 0.03 | - | - | - |
| 20:1n-7 | 0.24 ± 0.01 | 0.26 ± 0.01 | 0.25 ± 0.01 | 0.24 ± 0.01 | 0.26 ± 0.02 | 0.26 ± 0.01 | - | - | - |
| 22:1n-9 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.00 | 0.10 ± 0.00 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.00 | - | - | - |
| 24:1n-9 | 0.20 ± 0.01 a,b,c | 0.18 ± 0.01 b,e | 0.22 ± 0.01 a,d | 0.20 ± 0.01 b,d,e | 0.20 ± 0.01 a,e | 0.23 ± 0.01 c,d | - | - | p = 0.0473 |
| MUFAs | 19.68 ± 0.15 | 19.93 ± 0.18 | 19.86 ± 0.16 | 19.79 ± 0.15 | 19.90 ± 0.28 | 20.19 ± 0.14 | - | - | - |
| 18:2n-6 | 0.52 ± 0.01 | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 0.51 ± 0.01 | 0.52 ± 0.01 | 0.54 ± 0.01 | 0.52 ± 0.01 | - | - | - |
| 20:2n-6 | 0.13 ± 0.00 a | 0.12 ± 0.00 b | 0.12 ± 0.00 b,c | 0.13 ± 0.00 a,b | 0.13 ± 0.00 a | 0.13 ± 0.00 a,c | - | p = 0.0432 | p = 0.0089 |
| 20:3n-6 | 0.41 ± 0.01 | 0.39 ± 0.01 | 0.42 ± 0.00 | 0.42 ± 0.01 | 0.47 ± 0.01 | 0.46 ± 0.01 | p < 0.0001 | - | - |
| 20:4n-6 | 9.98 ± 0.11 | 10.15 ± 0.08 | 9.96 ± 0.09 | 9.95 ± 0.06 | 9.34 ± 0.16 | 9.43 ± 0.09 | p < 0.0001 | - | - |
| 22:4n-6 | 2.05 ± 0.03 | 2.17 ± 0.07 | 2.05 ± 0.02 | 2.14 ± 0.04 | 1.93 ± 0.04 | 2.02 ± 0.04 | p = 0.0069 | p = 0.0218 | - |
| 22:5n-6 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | 0.29 ± 0.01 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 0.28 ± 0.02 | 0.27 ± 0.00 | p = 0.0001 | - | - |
| n-6 | 13.41 ± 0.13 | 13.61 ± 0.16 | 13.34 ± 0.08 | 13.45 ± 0.07 | 12.69 ± 0.19 | 12.81 ± 0.13 | p < 0.0001 | - | - |
| 20:5n-3 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | p < 0.0001 | - | - |
| 22:5n-3 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 0.17 ± 0.00 | 0.17 ± 0.00 | p < 0.0001 | - | - |
| 22:6n-3 | 15.85 ± 0.29 | 15.67 ± 0.25 | 15.69 ± 0.24 | 16.09 ± 0.24 | 16.74 ± 0.28 | 16.19 ± 0.18 | p = 0.0175 | - | - |
| n-3 | 16.05 ± 0.29 | 15.87 ± 0.24 | 15.89 ± 0.24 | 16.29 ± 0.24 | 16.99 ± 0.28 | 16.43 ± 0.18 | p = 0.01 | - | - |
| 20:3n-9 | 0.13 ± 0.02 a,b | 0.09 ± 0.01 c,d | 0.17 ± 0.03 a | 0.08 ± 0.00 c,d | 0.10 ± 0.00 b,c | 0.12 ± 0.01 b,d | - | p = 0.0066 | p = 0.0122 |
| PUFAs | 29.59 ± 0.31 | 29.56 ± 0.28 | 29.40 ± 0.26 | 29.81 ± 0.20 | 29.78 ± 0.38 | 29.36 ± 0.13 | - | - | - |
| dma16:0 | 2.23 ± 0.03 | 2.36 ± 0.03 | 2.27 ± 0.03 | 2.27 ± 0.05 | 2.24 ± 0.05 | 2.28 ± 0.02 | - | - | - |
| dma18:0 | 3.99 ± 0.03 | 3.99 ± 0.03 | 3.98 ± 0.03 | 3.92 ± 0.03 | 3.97 ± 0.05 | 4.04 ± 0.03 | p = 0.0448 | - | - |
| dma18:1n-9 | 1.19 ± 0.02 | 1.22 ± 0.03 | 1.20 ± 0.03 | 1.19 ± 0.02 | 1.19 ± 0.03 | 1.24 ± 0.02 | - | - | - |
| dma18:1n-7 | 1.02 ± 0.02 | 1.05 ± 0.03 | 1.03 ± 0.02 | 1.03 ± 0.03 | 1.04 ± 0.03 | 1.08 ± 0.02 | - | - | - |
| DMA | 8.43 ± 0.08 | 8.62 ± 0.08 | 8.48 ± 0.06 | 8.41 ± 0.13 | 8.43 ± 0.15 | 8.64 ± 0.09 | - | - | - |
| n-6/n-3 | 0.84 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.02 | 0.84 ± 0.01 | 0.83 ± 0.01 | 0.75 ± 0.01 | 0.78 ± 0.01 | p < 0.0001 | - | - |
Values with superscripts (a, b, c, d, e) differ significantly, n = 4–6/group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and are expressed as percentage of total fatty acids. DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; DMA: dimethylacetals; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MUFAs: monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFAs: polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFAs: saturated fatty acids.