Table 1.
Characteristics of 195 persons with epilepsy with O. volvulus co-infected with T. solium, co-infected with T. canis and without co-infection.
|
O. volvulus and T. solium Infection (N = 16) |
O. volvulus and T. canis Infection (N = 32) 2 |
O. volvulus Only 1 (N = 147) |
p-Value * | p-Value ** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Median (IQR) | 27 (21–51) | 23.5 (16-35) | 22 (16–30) | 0.021 | 0.130 |
| Men, N (%) 3 | 13 (81.3%) | 19 (59.4%) | 71 (48.3%) | 0.012 | 0.26 |
| Age at onset of the epilepsy, Median (IQR) | 14 (9–45) | 13.5 (10–19.5) | 12 (8–15) | 0.122 | 0.051 |
| Generalised tonic–clonic seizures, N (%) |
14 (87.5%) | 32 (100%) | 131 (89.1%) | 0.845 | NA |
| Nodding seizures, N (%) | 1 (6%) | 2 (6.3%) | 24 (16.3%) | 0.288 | 0.143 |
| Absences, N (%) | 7 (43.7%) | 9 (28.2%) | 63 (42.9%) | 0.945 | 0.123 |
| Focal seizures with loss of consciousness, N (%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0(0%) | 25 (17%) | 0.523 | <0.0001 |
| Focal seizures without loss of consciousness, N (%) | 2 (12.5%) | 1 (3.1%) | 3 (2%) | 0.021 | 0.707 |
| Skin snip, N (%) | 13 (81.3%) | 28 (87.5%) | 115 (78.23%) | 0.78 | 0.236 |
| Mf load, Median (IQR) | 4 (1.25–11.25) | 10 (1–10) | 9 (0–67) | 0.385 | 0.907 |
IQR = interquartile range, N= number of persons, Mf = microfilarial, 1 strongyloide-positive persons were included because Strongyloides was not considered to be a cause of epilepsy. 2 Without T. solium infection. 3 6 missing values. * p-value O. volvulus versus T. solium. ** p-Value O. volvulus versus T. canis.