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. 2021 Apr 1;26(2):165–178. doi: 10.1007/s12257-020-0269-1

A Versatile Surface Modification Method via Vapor-phase Deposited Functional Polymer Films for Biomedical Device Applications

Younghak Cho 1,#, Minseok Lee 1,#, Seonghyeon Park 1, Yesol Kim 1, Eunjung Lee 1,✉, Sung Gap Im 1,✉
PMCID: PMC8013202  PMID: 33821132

Abstract

For last two decades, the demand for precisely engineered three-dimensional structures has increased continuously for the developments of biomaterials. With the recent advances in micro- and nano-fabrication techniques, various devices with complex surface geometries have been devised and produced in the pharmaceutical and medical fields for various biomedical applications including drug delivery and biosensors. These advanced biomaterials have been designed to mimic the natural environments of tissues more closely and to enhance the performance for their corresponding biomedical applications. One of the important aspects in the rational design of biomaterials is how to configure the surface of the biomedical devices for better control of the chemical and physical properties of the bioactive surfaces without compromising their bulk characteristics. In this viewpoint, it of critical importance to secure a versatile method to modify the surface of various biomedical devices. Recently, a vapor phase method, termed initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) has emerged as damage-free method highly beneficial for the conformal deposition of various functional polymer films onto many kinds of micro- and nano-structured surfaces without restrictions on the substrate material or geometry, which is not trivial to achieve by conventional solution-based surface functionalization methods. With proper structural design, the functional polymer thin film via iCVD can impart required functionality to the biomaterial surfaces while maintaining the fine structure thereon. We believe the iCVD technique can be not only a valuable approach towards fundamental cell-material studies, but also of great importance as a platform technology to extend to other prospective biomaterial designs and material interface modifications for biomedical applications.

Keywords: initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD), surface modification, non-flat surfaces, biomedical applications

Acknowldgements

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (Grant 2021R1A2B5B03001416), Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (No. 2020R1I1A1A01066621) and the Technology Innovation Program (No. 20008777) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea).

Footnotes

Ethical Statements

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Neither ethical approval nor informed consent was required for this study.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

These authors contributed equally.

Contributor Information

Eunjung Lee, Email: ejung0608@kaist.ac.kr.

Sung Gap Im, Email: sgim@kaist.ac.kr.

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