Table:
Patient characteristics
| Older patients | Population | Age, years | Female patients | Male patients | Treatment | Achieved LDL cholesterol, mmol/L (mg/dL) | Median follow-up, years | Major vascular events | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Control group | Experimental group | Control group | ||||||||
| Statin therapy | |||||||||||
| CTTC5 | 11108 | Primary prevention and secondary prevention | NA | NA | NA | Statin or more intensive statin | Placebo or less intensive statin | NA | NA | 4·9 | 1695 |
| Treat Stroke to Target14 | 642 | Secondary prevention | NA | NA | NA | Target LDL cholesterol <1·8 mmol/L (70 mg/dL) | Target LDL cholesterol 2·3–2·8 mmol/L (90·110 mg/dL) | 1·7 (65·0) | 2·5 (96·0) | 3·5 | 74 |
| Non-statin therapy | |||||||||||
| IMPROVE-IT11 | 2798 | Secondary prevention | 80 (4) | 947 (33·8%) | 1851 (66·2%) | Ezetimibe plus simvastatin | Placebo plus simvastatin | 1·4 (55·1) | 1·8 (68·7) | 6·0 | 1017 |
| EWTOPIA 7512 | 3411 | Primary prevention | 81 (5) | 2539 (74·4%) | 872 (25·6%) | Ezetimibe | Usual care | 3·2 (123·8) | 3·6 (139·7) | 4·1 | 222 |
| FOURIER15 | 2526 | Secondary prevention | 78 (3) | 848 (33·6%) | 1678 (66·4%) | Evolocumab on background of statin therapy | Placebo on background of statin therapy | 1·0 (40·0) | 2·4 (91·5) | 2·2 | 283 |
| ODYSSEY OUTCOMES13 | 1007 | Secondary prevention | 78 (3) | 458 (45·5%) | 549 (54·5%) | Alirocumab on background of statin therapy | Placebo on background of statin therapy | 1·5 (56·9) | 2·5 (97·0) | 2·8 | 228 |
| Total | 21 492 | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | ·· | 3·3 (2·2–4·6) | 3519 |
Data are n, n (%), mean (SD), or median (IQR), unless otherwise indicated. The methods used for extraction of LDL cholesterol data in each study are summarised in the appendix (pp 5, 6). CTTC=Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration. EWTOPIA 75=Ezetimibe Lipid-Lowering Trial on Prevention of Atherosclerosis Disease in 75 or Older. FOURIER=Further Cardiovascular Outcomes Research with PCSK9 Inhibition in Patients with Elevated Risk. IMPROVE-IT=Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial. NA=not available in patients aged 75 years or older. ODYSSEY OUTCOMES=Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment with Alirocumab.