Abstract
The effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration on progesterone and Cortisol concentrations was determined in lactating primiparous sows. Physiological saline and 50IU ACTH were administered on days 20 and 21 of lactation at 0900 hours via an indwelling jugular catheter. Blood samples for hormone analysis were collected via indwelling jugular catheters every 15 min (0800 to 1200 hours) and every 60 min (1300 to 1500 hours). Saline administration had no effect on progesterone nor Cortisol concentrations in the lactating sows. Progesterone and Cortisol concentrations increased (p<0.001) within 15 min after ACTH administration. Progesterone and Cortisol concentrations peaked (p<0.01) within 45 min and had returned to pretreatment values within 120 min after ACTH treatment.
Keywords: lactation, stress, hormone
Sammanfattning
Effekten av en ACTH injektion på blodplasmakoncentrationerna av kortisol och progesteron bestämdes hos lakterande suggor. Fysiologisk koksaltlösning och 50 IE ACTH injicerades klockan 09.00 på dag 20 respektive dag 21 av laktationen via en permanent inlagd jugularvenkateter. Blodprover för hormonanalyser uppsamlades via venkatetern var 15:e minut under perioden 08.00–12.00 och var 60:e minut under perioden 13.00–15.00. Koksaltinjektionen hade ingen inverkan på vare sig progesteron- eller kortisolkoncentrationerna. Progesteron- och kortisolkoncentrationerna steg (p<0.001) inom 15 minuter efter ACTH-injektionen. Progesteronkoncentrationen var högst (p<0.01) inom 45 minuter och hade återgått till ursprungsvärdena inom 120 min efter ACTH-behandlingen. Den högsta kortisolkoncentrationen uppmätes 45 minuter efter ACTH behandlingen och förhöjda kortisolkoncentrationer (p<0.01) uppmättes under sammanlagt 120 minuter.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (447.3 KB).
Acknowledgments
This work was supported financially by the Swedish Council for Forestry and Agricultural Research.
References
- RW A, RB H. Oestrogen, progesterone and corticosteroid concentrations in peripheral plasma of sows during pregnancy, parturition, lactation and after weaning. J. Endocr. 1975;64:141–154. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.0640141. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- A B, M V, M M, E C, D C, C F. Effects of blood sampling procedures, grouping and adrenal stimulation on stress responses in the growing pig. Reprod. Nutr. Develop. 1989;29:95–103. doi: 10.1051/rnd:19890108. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BA B, JA N, RK C, R C M, JA D, GL H. Peripheral concentrations of Cortisol as an indicator of stress in the pig. Am. J. Vet. Res. 1985;46:1034–1038. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- E B, T L. Plasma progesterone increments in sows treated with ACTH. Acta vet. scand. 1980;27:143–145. doi: 10.1186/BF03546911. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- JM B, JR M, M F. Effect of blood sampling and administration of ACTH on Cortisol and progesterone levels in ovariectomized zebu cows (Bos indicus). Acta vet. scand. 1997;38:1–7. doi: 10.1186/BF03548502. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- von E B, J L. Altered adrenocortical response to acute stressors or ACTH (1-24) in intensively housed pigs. Dom. Anim. Endocrinol. 1989;6:299–309. doi: 10.1016/0739-7240(89)90024-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- C C, ACO E, S C, NC R. Cortisol, progesterone and β-endorphin response to stress in calves. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 1995;75:197–201. doi: 10.4141/cjas95-029. [DOI] [Google Scholar]
- R D, P M. Stress in farm animals: A need for reevaluation. J. Anim. Sci. 1983;57:6–18. doi: 10.2527/jas1983.5716. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- De M S, CC K, TG D. Serum Cortisol and progesterone after administration of adrenocorticotrophin and (or) prolactin to sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 1985;57:1525–1529. doi: 10.2527/jas1983.5761525x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DT D, MJ B, F J C. Gonadotropin, total oestrogen and progesterone concentrations in the plasma of lactating sows with particular reference to lactational oestrus. J. Reprod. Fertil. 1982;04:303–313. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0640303. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ES F, GB R, RR K. The effect of adrenocorticotropin or hydrocortisone on serum luteinizing hormone concentrations after adrenalectomy and/or ovariectomy in the prepubertal gilt. Endocrinology. 1984;114:268–273. doi: 10.1210/endo-114-1-268. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FC G, WW T, CJ W. Adrenocorticotropin alteration of bovine peripheral plasma concentrations of Cortisol, corticosterone, and progesterone. J. Dairy Sci. 1972;55:1165–1169. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(72)85640-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- L G. Förslag till ny utfodringsnorm till sug-gor. (A proposal for new feed allowances for sows) 1984. [Google Scholar]
- DP H, T S, NE J, PN J, KH O. Consistent capacity for adrenocortical response to ACTH administration in pigs. Am. J. Vet. Res. 1988;49:1276–1283. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- A K, S E, I S. Follicular development in primiparous lactating sows. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 1982;5:47–56. doi: 10.1016/0378-4320(82)90036-7. [DOI] [Google Scholar]
- U M, H H, H K, Ä K. Effect of mimicking prepartum concentration of estradiol-17/3 on the inflammatory response to endotoxin in gilts. Am. J. Vet. Res. 1994;55:785–789. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- M M, AJ Z, DM B. Physiological and reproductive correlates of behavioural strategies in female domestic pigs. Anim. Behav. 1992;44:1107–1121. doi: 10.1016/S0003-3472(05)80323-9. [DOI] [Google Scholar]
- ED P, US S, U V, JJ O. The adrenal gland in white-tailed deer: a significant source of progesterone. J. Wildl. Manage. 1983;47:38–44. doi: 10.2307/3808050. [DOI] [Google Scholar]
- P R, E F. Studies on porcine adrenocortical function. Circadian variations in, and effect of ACTH treatment on, the peripheral plasma Cortisol level. Acta. vet. Acad. Sci. Hung. 1980;28:433–441. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- H R, A K. Chronic venous catheterization for frequent blood sampling in unrestrained pigs. Acta vet. scand. 1983;24:318–320. doi: 10.1186/BF03546736. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- T R, S E, H Z, L-E E, K U-M, N L. Effect of insulin administration at weaning on hormonal patterns and reproductive performance in primiparous sows. J. Vet. Med. A. 1993;40:161–168. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1993.tb00612.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- JA S, RM L. A role for the adrenal cortex in the onset of cystic ovarian follicles in the sow. Can. J. Comp. Med. 1978;42:525–533. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MA S, BE H, WM P. Effects of heat stress on serum progesterone in cyclic ewes and on progesterone and Cortisol response to ACTH in ovariectomized ewes. J. Reprod. Fertil. 1988;84:521–529. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0840521. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SAS Institute, Inc. SAS/STAT® Guide for Personal Computers. 6. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc.; 1987. [Google Scholar]
- A S. Diss. Abstr. Int. 1985. Effects of ACTH on plasma concentrations of Cortisol and progesterone and on embryonic survival in swine. pp. 3439–B. [Google Scholar]
- VT T, S E, A M, H K, N L. Effect of food deprivation during early pregnancy on endocrine changes in primiparous sows. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 1996;41:267–278. doi: 10.1016/0378-4320(95)01456-X. [DOI] [Google Scholar]
- JA W, PF S, RL K, HS M, RL B. Influence of chemical immobilization and physical restraint on steroid hormone levels in blood of white-tailed deer. Can. J. Zool. 1979;57:768–776. doi: 10.1139/z79-094. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]