Original text and correction:
ORIGINAL TEXT (page 3374, Discussion)
Table 2.
Logistic regression model: diet patterns and physiological outcomes; Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Unadjusted and adjusted OR and 95 % CI and P values for being above the 90th centile (value shown in parentheses) for each outcome
| SBP (≥ 133 mmHg) | DBP (≥ 72 mmHg) | BMI (≥ 28.26 kg/m2) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Model/age/dietary pattern | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value |
| Model 1 | |||
| Age 7 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 1.01 (0.74, 1.36), 0.97 | 1.51 (1.12, 2.05), 0.01 | 1.89 (1.36, 2.62), 0.0001 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.05 (0.77, 1.43), 0.76 | 1.21 (0.87, 1.67), 0.25 | 1.41 (1.00, 2.01), 0.05 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.49 (1.10, 2.00), 0.01 | 1.44 (1.04, 1.98), 0.03 | 2.40 (1.73, 3.32), 1.67 × 10-7 |
| Age 10 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 1.05 (0.79, 1.38), 0.74 | 0.98 (0.75, 1.28), 0.88 | 1.13 (0.85, 1.50), 0.41 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.38 (1.04, 1.82), 0.03 | 0.82 (0.61, 1.10), 0.19 | 1.03 (0.75, 1.41), 0.86 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.13 (0.84, 1.53), 0.41 | 0.93 (0.70, 1.25), 0.64 | 1.54 (1.15, 2.05), 0.004 |
| Age 13 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 1.11 (0.86, 1.53), 0.37 | 1.40 (1.07, 1.85), 0.02 | 1.63 (1.23, 2.16), 0.001 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.27 (0.93, 1.74), 0.14 | 0.75 (0.52, 1.07), 0.12 | 1.21 (0.87, 1.68), 0.26 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.84 (1.36, 2.50), 0.0001 | 1.56 (1.14, 2.12), 0.01 | 1.66 (1.20, 2.28), 0.002 |
| Model 2* | |||
| Age 7 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.80 (0.52, 1.24), 0.32 | 1.15 (0.75, 1.77), 0.52 | 1.60 (1.01, 2.55), 0.05 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.91 (0.60, 1.38), 0.66 | 1.25 (0.82, 1.91), 0.29 | 1.22 (0.75, 1.98), 0.42 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.32 (0.86, 2.02), 0.21 | 1.44 (0.92, 2.26), 0.11 | 1.96 (1.22, 3.13), 0.005 |
| Age 10 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 1.17 (0.77, 1.78), 0.47 | 0.87 (0.59, 1.29), 0.48 | 0.80 (0.52, 1.23), 0.31 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.44 (0.96, 2.15), 0.08 | 0.64 (0.42, 0.99), 0.05 | 0.82 (0.52, 1.27), 0.37 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 0.89 (0.56, 1.42), 0.63 | 0.70 (0.44, 1.09), 0.12 | 0.97 (0.62, 1.52), 0.89 |
| Age 13 | |||
| Healthy | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Healthy’ | 0.98 (0.65, 1.46), 0.91 | 1.19 (0.81, 1.74), 0.38 | 1.15 (0.77, 1.72), 0.51 |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.87 (0.57, 1.33), 0.52 | 0.80 (0.50, 1.26), 0.33 | 1.00 (0.63, 1.59), 1.00 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.17 (0.75, 1.83), 0.49 | 1.53 (0.98, 2.40), 0.06 | 1.41 (0.87, 2.28), 0.16 |
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.
Model 2 adjusts for: age at time of dietary assessment, age at time of outcome measurement, gender, birth weight, gestational age, energy intake at time of dietary assessment, maternal age and parity, mother’s social class, father’s social class, maternal education and dietary patterns at other ages.
CORRECTION
The row titles for Model 2, Age 13 should read ’Healthy’, ’Processed’, ’Traditional’, and ‘Packed Lunch’ as they do for the rest of the rows in Table 2. This has been updated below.
Table 2.
Logistic regression model: diet patterns and physiological outcomes; Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Unadjusted and adjusted OR and 95 % CI and P values for being above the 90th centile (value shown in parentheses) for each outcome
| SBP (≥ 133 mmHg) | DBP (≥ 72 mmHg) | BMI (≥ 28.26 kg/m2) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Model/age/dietary pattern | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value |
| Model 1 | |||
| Age 7 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 1.01 (0.74, 1.36), 0.97 | 1.51 (1.12, 2.05), 0.01 | 1.89 (1.36, 2.62), 0.0001 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.05 (0.77, 1.43), 0.76 | 1.21 (0.87, 1.67), 0.25 | 1.41 (1.00, 2.01), 0.05 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.49 (1.10, 2.00), 0.01 | 1.44 (1.04, 1.98), 0.03 | 2.40 (1.73, 3.32), 1.67 × 10-7 |
| Age 10 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 1.05 (0.79, 1.38), 0.74 | 0.98 (0.75, 1.28), 0.88 | 1.13 (0.85, 1.50), 0.41 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.38 (1.04, 1.82), 0.03 | 0.82 (0.61, 1.10), 0.19 | 1.03 (0.75, 1.41), 0.86 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.13 (0.84, 1.53), 0.41 | 0.93 (0.70, 1.25), 0.64 | 1.54 (1.15, 2.05), 0.004 |
| Age 13 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 1.11 (0.86, 1.53), 0.37 | 1.40 (1.07, 1.85), 0.02 | 1.63 (1.23, 2.16), 0.001 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.27 (0.93, 1.74), 0.14 | 0.75 (0.52, 1.07), 0.12 | 1.21 (0.87, 1.68), 0.26 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.84 (1.36, 2.50), 0.0001 | 1.56 (1.14, 2.12), 0.01 | 1.66 (1.20, 2.28), 0.002 |
| Model 2* | |||
| Age 7 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.80 (0.52, 1.24), 0.32 | 1.15 (0.75, 1.77), 0.52 | 1.60 (1.01, 2.55), 0.05 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.91 (0.60, 1.38), 0.66 | 1.25 (0.82, 1.91), 0.29 | 1.22 (0.75, 1.98), 0.42 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.32 (0.86, 2.02), 0.21 | 1.44 (0.92, 2.26), 0.11 | 1.96 (1.22, 3.13), 0.005 |
| Age 10 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 1.17 (0.77, 1.78), 0.47 | 0.87 (0.59, 1.29), 0.48 | 0.80 (0.52, 1.23), 0.31 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.44 (0.96, 2.15), 0.08 | 0.64 (0.42, 0.99), 0.05 | 0.82 (0.52, 1.27), 0.37 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 0.89 (0.56, 1.42), 0.63 | 0.70 (0.44, 1.09), 0.12 | 0.97 (0.62, 1.52), 0.89 |
| Age 13 | |||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.98 (0.65, 1.46), 0.91 | 1.19 (0.81, 1.74), 0.38 | 1.15 (0.77, 1.72), 0.51 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.87 (0.57, 1.33), 0.52 | 0.80 (0.50, 1.26), 0.33 | 1.00 (0.63, 1.59), 1.00 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.17 (0.75, 1.83), 0.49 | 1.53 (0.98, 2.40), 0.06 | 1.41 (0.87, 2.28), 0.16 |
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.
Model 2 adjusts for: age at time of dietary assessment, age at time of outcome measurement, gender, birth weight, gestational age, energy intake at time of dietary assessment, maternal age and parity, mother’s social class, father’s social class, maternal education and dietary patterns at other ages.
ORIGINAL TEXT (page 3375, Discussion)
Table 3.
Logistic regression model: diet patterns and biochemical outcomes; Avon Longitudinal Study for being above the 90th centile (value shown in parentheses) for each outcome of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Unadjusted and adjusted OR and 95 % CI and P values
| LDL (≥ 0.59 mmol/L) | HDL (≤ 0.92 mmol/L) | TG (≥ 1.29 mmol/L) | TC (≥ 4.67 mmol/L) | Glucose (≥ 5.51 mmol/L) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model/age/dietary pattern | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value |
| Model 1 | |||||
| Age 7 | |||||
| Healthy | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Healthy’ | 0.80 (0.55, 1.16), 0.24 | 1.08 (0.74, 1.56), 0.70 | 0.81 (0.56, 1.15), 0.25 | 0.99 (0.69, 1.41), 0.95 | 1.48 (1.03, 2.12), 0.04 |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.88 (0.60, 1.27), 0.48 | 1.18 (0.81, 1.71), 0.40 | 0.84 (0.58, 1.23), 0.37 | 1.00 (0.70, 1.44), 0.98 | 1.11 (0.75, 1.64), 0.60 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.96 (0.66, 1.40), 0.84 | 1.54 (1.07, 2.21), 0.02 | 0.93 (0.64, 1.35), 0.70 | 0.93 (0.64, 1.37), 0.72 | 1.03 (0.68, 1.56), 0.89 |
| Age 10 | |||||
| Healthy | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Healthy’ | 0.80 (0.57, 1.13), 0.20 | 1.09 (0.78, 1.52), 0.61 | 0.80 (0.57, 1.13), 0.21 | 0.97 (0.71, 1.32), 0.82 | 0.88 (0.63, 1.24), 0.47 |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.80 (0.56, 1.16), 0.24 | 1.00 (0.70, 1.43), 0.99 | 0.76 (0.52, 1.10), 0.14 | 0.56 (0.38, 0.82), 0.003 | 1.03 (0.73, 1.47), 0.85 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.04 (0.74, 1.47), 0.80 | 1.24 (0.89, 1.75), 0.21 | 1.03 (0.73, 1.45), 0.86 | 0.78 (0.55, 1.11), 0.16 | 1.00 (0.70, 1.43), 0.99 |
| Age 13 | |||||
| Healthy | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Healthy’ | 0.85 (0.61, 1.19), 0.35 | 1.40 (1.01, 1.94), 0.05 | 0.89 (0.64, 1.25), 0.51 | 0.76 (0.55, 1.04), 0.09 | 1.04 (0.75, 1.45), 0.81 |
| ‘Processed’ | 1.05 (0.73, 1.51), 0.80 | 1.50 (1.04, 2.15), 0.03 | 1.04 (0.72, 1.50), 0.84 | 0.92 (0.65, 1.30), 0.64 | 1.02 (0.70, 1.48), 0.93 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.05 (0.72, 1.54), 0.80 | 1.37 (0.93, 2.02), 0.11 | 1.09 (0.75, 1.60), 0.65 | 0.65 (0.44, 0.98), 0.04 | 1.09 (0.74, 1.06), 0.66 |
| Model 2* | |||||
| Age 7 | |||||
| Healthy | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Healthy’ | 0.54 (0.32, 0.90), 0.02 | 1.25 (0.74, 2.10), 0.40 | 0.53 (0.32, 0.89), 0.02 | 1.01 (0.62, 1.65), 0.96 | 1.61 (0.96, 2.69), 0.07 |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.83 (0.53, 1.32), 0.44 | 1.41 (0.86, 2.32), 0.17 | 0.82 (0.52, 1.30), 0.41 | 0.98 (0.61, 1.58), 0.94 | 1.20 (0.71, 2.04), 0.50 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.64 (0.37, 1.09), 0.10 | 1.83 (1.09, 3.05), 0.02 | 0.60 (0.35, 1.04), 0.07 | 1.02 (0.60, 1.73), 0.94 | 1.17 (0.66, 2.08), 0.59 |
| Age 10 | |||||
| Healthy | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Healthy’ | 0.53 (0.32, 0.87), 0.01 | 0.92 (0.57, 1.49), 0.74 | 0.52 (0.32, 0.87), 0.01 | 0.76 (0.48, 1.20), 0.24 | 0.47 (0.27, 0.83), 0.01 |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.62 (0.38, 1.01), 0.06 | 0.67 (0.40, 1.11), 0.12 | 0.58 (0.35, 0.95), 0.03 | 0.50 (0.30, 0.84), 0.01 | 0.74 (0.45, 1.22), 0.24 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.63 (0.37, 1.05), 0.08 | 0.93 (0.56, 1.54), 0.77 | 0.66 (0.40, 1.11), 0.12 | 0.41 (0.23, 0.73), 0.002 | 0.67 (0.39, 1.17), 0.16 |
| Age 13 | |||||
| Healthy | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Healthy’ | 0.67 (0.41, 1.07), 0.10 | 1.17 (0.73, 1.86), 0.52 | 0.70 (0.44, 1.13), 0.15 | 0.73 (0.46, 1.17), 0.19 | 0.71 (0.44, 1.16), 0.17 |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.93 (0.57, 1.50), 0.75 | 1.32 (0.82, 2.14), 0.25 | 0.91 (0.56, 1.48), 0.70 | 1.06 (0.67, 1.70), 0.80 | 0.84 (0.50, 1.40), 0.50 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.05 (0.62, 1.80), 0.85 | 1.02 (0.58, 1.78), 0.96 | 1.08 (0.63, 1.86), 0.77 | 1.02 (0.58, 1.80), 0.94 | 0.70 (0.39, 1.26), 0.23 |
LDL, C, LDL cholesterol; HDL, C, HDL cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol.
Model 2 adjusts for: age at time of dietary assessment, age at time of outcome measurement, gender, birth weight, gestational age, energy intake at time of dietary assessment, maternal age and parity, mother’s social class, father’s social class, maternal education and dietary patterns at other ages
CORRECTION
The row titles for each age in both models should read ’Healthy’, ’Processed’, ’Traditional’ and ’Packed Lunch’ in Table 3. This has been updated below.
Table 3.
Logistic regression model: diet patterns and biochemical outcomes; Avon Longitudinal Study for being above the 90th centile (value shown in parentheses) for each outcome of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Unadjusted and adjusted OR and 95 % CI and P values
| LDL (≥ 0.59 mmol/L) | HDL (≤ 0.92 mmol/L) | TG (≥ 1.29 mmol/L) | TC (≥ 4.67 mmol/L) | Glucose (≥ 5.51 mmol/L) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model/age/dietary pattern | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value | OR (95 % CI), P value |
| Model 1 | |||||
| Age 7 | |||||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.80 (0.55, 1.16), 0.24 | 1.08 (0.74, 1.56), 0.70 | 0.81 (0.56, 1.15), 0.25 | 0.99 (0.69, 1.41), 0.95 | 1.48 (1.03, 2.12), 0.04 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.88 (0.60, 1.27), 0.48 | 1.18 (0.81, 1.71), 0.40 | 0.84 (0.58, 1.23), 0.37 | 1.00 (0.70, 1.44), 0.98 | 1.11 (0.75, 1.64), 0.60 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 0.96 (0.66, 1.40), 0.84 | 1.54 (1.07, 2.21), 0.02 | 0.93 (0.64, 1.35), 0.70 | 0.93 (0.64, 1.37), 0.72 | 1.03 (0.68, 1.56), 0.89 |
| Age 10 | |||||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.80 (0.57, 1.13), 0.20 | 1.09 (0.78, 1.52), 0.61 | 0.80 (0.57, 1.13), 0.21 | 0.97 (0.71, 1.32), 0.82 | 0.88 (0.63, 1.24), 0.47 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.80 (0.56, 1.16), 0.24 | 1.00 (0.70, 1.43), 0.99 | 0.76 (0.52, 1.10), 0.14 | 0.56 (0.38, 0.82), 0.003 | 1.03 (0.73, 1.47), 0.85 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.04 (0.74, 1.47), 0.80 | 1.24 (0.89, 1.75), 0.21 | 1.03 (0.73, 1.45), 0.86 | 0.78 (0.55, 1.11), 0.16 | 1.00 (0.70, 1.43), 0.99 |
| Age 13 | |||||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.85 (0.61, 1.19), 0.35 | 1.40 (1.01, 1.94), 0.05 | 0.89 (0.64, 1.25), 0.51 | 0.76 (0.55, 1.04), 0.09 | 1.04 (0.75, 1.45), 0.81 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 1.05 (0.73, 1.51), 0.80 | 1.50 (1.04, 2.15), 0.03 | 1.04 (0.72, 1.50), 0.84 | 0.92 (0.65, 1.30), 0.64 | 1.02 (0.70, 1.48), 0.93 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.05 (0.72, 1.54), 0.80 | 1.37 (0.93, 2.02), 0.11 | 1.09 (0.75, 1.60), 0.65 | 0.65 (0.44, 0.98), 0.04 | 1.09 (0.74, 1.06), 0.66 |
| Model 2* | |||||
| Age 7 | |||||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.54 (0.32, 0.90), 0.02 | 1.25 (0.74, 2.10), 0.40 | 0.53 (0.32, 0.89), 0.02 | 1.01 (0.62, 1.65), 0.96 | 1.61 (0.96, 2.69), 0.07 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.83 (0.53, 1.32), 0.44 | 1.41 (0.86, 2.32), 0.17 | 0.82 (0.52, 1.30), 0.41 | 0.98 (0.61, 1.58), 0.94 | 1.20 (0.71, 2.04), 0.50 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 0.64 (0.37, 1.09), 0.10 | 1.83 (1.09, 3.05), 0.02 | 0.60 (0.35, 1.04), 0.07 | 1.02 (0.60, 1.73), 0.94 | 1.17 (0.66, 2.08), 0.59 |
| Age 10 | |||||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.53 (0.32, 0.87), 0.01 | 0.92 (0.57, 1.49), 0.74 | 0.52 (0.32, 0.87), 0.01 | 0.76 (0.48, 1.20), 0.24 | 0.47 (0.27, 0.83), 0.01 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.62 (0.38, 1.01), 0.06 | 0.67 (0.40, 1.11), 0.12 | 0.58 (0.35, 0.95), 0.03 | 0.50 (0.30, 0.84), 0.01 | 0.74 (0.45, 1.22), 0.24 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 0.63 (0.37, 1.05), 0.08 | 0.93 (0.56, 1.54), 0.77 | 0.66 (0.40, 1.11), 0.12 | 0.41 (0.23, 0.73), 0.002 | 0.67 (0.39, 1.17), 0.16 |
| Age 13 | |||||
| ‘Healthy’ | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| ‘Processed’ | 0.67 (0.41, 1.07), 0.10 | 1.17 (0.73, 1.86), 0.52 | 0.70 (0.44, 1.13), 0.15 | 0.73 (0.46, 1.17), 0.19 | 0.71 (0.44, 1.16), 0.17 |
| ‘Traditional’ | 0.93 (0.57, 1.50), 0.75 | 1.32 (0.82, 2.14), 0.25 | 0.91 (0.56, 1.48), 0.70 | 1.06 (0.67, 1.70), 0.80 | 0.84 (0.50, 1.40), 0.50 |
| ‘Packed Lunch’ | 1.05 (0.62, 1.80), 0.85 | 1.02 (0.58, 1.78), 0.96 | 1.08 (0.63, 1.86), 0.77 | 1.02 (0.58, 1.80), 0.94 | 0.70 (0.39, 1.26), 0.23 |
LDL, C, LDL cholesterol; HDL, C, HDL cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol.
Model 2 adjusts for: age at time of dietary assessment, age at time of outcome measurement, gender, birth weight, gestational age, energy intake at time of dietary assessment, maternal age and parity, mother’s social class, father’s social class, maternal education and dietary patterns at other ages
References
- Bull, C.J. & Northston, K. (2016). Childhood dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence: results from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort. Public Health Nutrition, 19(18), 3369–77. doi: 10.1017/S1368980016001592 [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]