Table 1.

Longitudinal birth cohorts and food allergy

Birth cohort	WHEALS	CCAPS	HEALTHNUTS	PASTURE
Geographic location	Southeast Michigan, USA	Greater Cincinnati area, Ohio, USA	Melbourne, Australia	Rural areas of 5 European nations: Austria, Finland, France, Germany and Switzerland
Unique characteristics of cohort	Racially diverse with 62% Black race	Higher risk cohort with at least one atopic parent	Used challenge-proven outcomes to assess the role of infantile food allergy in development of asthma	Assessed role of farm animals on allergic disease presence
Times of follow-up postnatally	1, 6, 12, 24 and 48-months of age	1,2,3,4, and 7 years	11 or 15 months, 1 year, 4 years	1, 4, 6 years
Total recruited	1258	762	5276	1133
Food allergens tested	Egg, peanut, milk	Cow’s milk, egg	Egg, peanut, sesame, and cow’s milk or shrimp	Cow’s milk, hen’s egg, cow’s milk, peanut, hazelnut, carrot, and wheat
Key food allergy phenotype finding	Black race was a significant risk factor for milk and egg allergy	Food sensitization in the presence of KIF3A mutations poses a significant risk for asthma, independent of aeroallergen sensitization	Asthma at 4 years of age is twice as common in children with food allergy, irrespective of whether child outgrows allergy	Farm exposure can alter sensitization patterns
PMIDs for key food allergy articles	24636082	30830718, 19759553	29153880, 20608942	28531273