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. 2021 Apr 20;41(2):312–317. doi: 10.1007/s11596-021-2348-8

Trends in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Hospitalization and Prognosis: Gender Effect

Mei-jing Shi 1,2, Jia-gao Lv 1, Li Lin 1, Jun-yi Guo 1,✉
PMCID: PMC8056196  PMID: 33877547

Summary

We here aimed to investigate the impact of gender on the clinical characteristics and laboratory results of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and provide clues to the pathological mechanisms underlying COVID-19. A retrospective study was performed. Clinical characteristics, severity of lung infection, laboratory results, and prognoses of patients of different gender were analyzed. A total of 242 patients were finally included. The median age was 58 years (IQR: 40–68), including 54 (22.3%) hospital staffs. Ninety-four (38.8%) were male and 148 (61.1%) were female. The proportion of patients with diabetes was significantly higher in the male group than in the female group (P=0.034). Male patients had a significantly larger proportion of severe lung infection, higher leukocyte count, neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin than female. Furthermore, male patients had worse liver, cardiac, and coagulation function than their female counterparts. Male patients with COVID-19 showed more severe inflammation reaction and coagulation dysfunction than female patients. In conclusion, gender is associated with host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Key words: COVID-19, gender, blood routine, coagulation function, inflammation

Footnotes

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81570416, 81570337), Hubei Province Health and Family Planning Scientific Research Project (No. WJ2019M120), Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No. 2019CFB668), the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities (HUST) (No. 2017KFYXJJ099), the Science and Technology Project Foundation of Wuhan (No. 2017060201010175), and the Outstanding Young Investigator Foundation of Tongji Hospital (No. YXQN009).

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization or corporation or individual that can inappropriately influence this work.

Contributor Information

Mei-jing Shi, Email: smjmedcine@163.com.

Jun-yi Guo, Email: gjytjmu@163.com.

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