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. 2021 Apr 3;11(12):5986–6005. doi: 10.7150/thno.58632

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Antioxidation effect of MSC-EVs on hippocampi of seizure-induced mice. (A) Representative images show 8-OHdG (green) immunostaining with NeuN (red) and DAPI (blue) in the experimental groups, right magnified images showing the 8-OHdG expression (white arrow, green) in different hippocampal CA1 neurons (red). Scale bar (left) = 20 µm, scale bar (right) = 10 µm. (B) Histogram of the 8- OHdG concentration in each group (n = 6 per group). (C) Western blotting for the lipid (4-HNE) and protein (DT) oxidation in different hippocampal tissues. (D-E) Protein assay for the 4-HNE (D) and DT (E) expression in the experimental groups (n = 5 per group). (F) Western blots of stress-associated molecular patterns in the hippocampus of each group. (G-L) Statistical analysis shows differences in AMPA (G), Glut1 (H), iNOS (I), HMGB1 (J), HO-1 (K), and Nrf2 (L) expression among the experimental groups (n = 5 per group). (M-N) Representative images of oxidative damage and nuclei translocation typified by iNOS (green, M) and Nrf2 (green, N) immunostaining in the hippocampal CA1 neurons (red), respectively, red frames show the magnified images of iNOS (white arrow, green, M) and Nrf2 (whited arrow, green, N) in the experimental group. Scale bars (M, N) = 30 µm, scale bars (upper right magnified images) = 10 µm. MSC-EVs: mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles; n: number; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosin; AMPA: α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid; Glut1: glucose transporter 1; iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase; HMGB1: high mobility group box 1; HO-1: heme oxygenase-1; Nrf2: nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2, like 2. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.