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Transport routes across the blood–brain barrier. Molecules can cross the BBB using a variety of mechanisms. Lipophilic molecules of a low molecular weight can diffuse passively through EC (A), while hydrophilic molecules of a low molecular weight can pass between EC (B). Some solutes use transport proteins to cross the BBB (C), while others rely on receptor-mediated transcytosis (D) or adsorptive transcytosis (E). Adapted from [18], Drug Delivery and Translational Research. 2020.
