| Methods |
Participants blinded
Parallel design
8 women randomised and analysed |
| Participants |
Inclusion: dysmenorrhoea
Exclusion: any medication
Age: average 22 years
Location: USA |
| Interventions |
1. Low‐frequency TENS ‐ 5 Hz pulse rate, 250 μsec, pulse duration/intensity to patients tolerance
2. Sham (mock) TENS ‐ no intensity administered
Duration: 30 min
Location: Spleen 6, Gallbladder 34 (on legs) |
| Outcomes |
Pain scale 1‐5 measured pre, post, 4 hrs, 24 hrs, 30 days
Abdominal pain
Back pain |
| Notes |
No difference between the experimental and control group for pretreatment abdominal pain, however there was some difference for pretreatment back pain with the control group having a higher average pain rating |
