. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Palliat Med. 2020 Mar 31;23(9):1191–1197. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2019.0458

Table 3.

Association of Demographic and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Variables with Chronic Pain in Multivariate Analyses

	B	S.E.	Wald	p	Odds ratio	95% CI
Younger age	0.96	0.51	3.60	0.058	2.62	0.97–7.08
Minority race	0.51	0.51	1.01	0.316	1.67	0.61–4.56
Either combat or cancer PTSD Symptoms	1.44	0.59	5.94	0.015	4.24	1.33–13.53
Both combat and cancer PTSD symptoms	2.14	0.67	10.28	0.001	8.49	2.29–31.38

Analysis included only those variables significantly associated with chronic pain in bivariate analyses. Reference group for PTSD analyses is the group with neither combat- nor cancer-related PTSD symptoms.