SYSTEMS BIOLOGY, APPLIED PHYSICAL SCIENCES Correction for “Nonlinear elasticity and damping govern ultrafast dynamics in click beetles,” by Ophelia Bolmin, John J. Socha, Marianne Alleyne, Alison C. Dunn, Kamel Fezzaa, and Aimy A. Wissa, which was first published January 19, 2021; 10.1073/pnas.2014569118 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 118, e2014569118).
The authors note that, due to a printer’s error, Fig. 1 appeared incorrectly. The corrected figure and its legend appear below. The online version has been corrected.
Fig. 1.
Phases of the clicking motion and characterization of the peg tip and the soft cuticle displacement during the loading and energy release phases. (A) Adult E. abruptus click beetle general appearance (with legs removed) and lateral view projections of the hinge extracted from the X-ray recordings. Lateral view projections show the interaction between the peg, the mesosternal lip, and the cavity during the clicking motion. The landmark points tracked at the peg tip (green star), along the soft cuticle situated behind the peg (blue markers), and along the upper part of the cavity (yellow markers) are highlighted. The clicking motion can be divided into three phases: latching (i and ii), loading (iii and iv), and energy release (v–viii). During the latching phase, the peg slides along the cavity (i) and latches on the mesosternal lip (ii). Then, the loading phase begins as the soft cuticle contracts (iii). While the soft cuticle is contracting (i.e., displacing dorsally), the peg slowly rotates about the contact with the mesosternal lip (iii and iv, purple arrow). At the end of the contraction (iv), the latch is released (unlatching, v), and the peg slips and slides along the mesosternal cavity as the soft cuticle recoils (vi). During the energy release phase, the peg oscillates along the mesosternal cavity (vi and vii), until coming to a rest inside the cavity (viii). When the peg reaches the interior of the cavity, the soft cuticle and the mesosternal lip come in contact (vii and viii). Colored arrows indicate the movement direction of the peg (i and v–vii) and the soft cuticle (iii and vi). (B) Position of the peg tip of specimen 1 in x and y coordinates during the clicking motion. At t = 0.208 s, the peg is unlatched, and fast oscillations occur. (C) Fast damped oscillations of the peg tip in x and y coordinates during the energy release phase. (D) Duration of the energy release phase of the clicks of the four E. abruptus specimens. (E) Displacement of the soft cuticle and duration of the loading phase for the four specimens. The blue colors represent the start of the loading phase (0 s), and the red colors represent positions at the end of the loading phase (0.15 s). (F) Recoil of the soft cuticle at the beginning of the energy release and duration of the unlatching and elastic recoil for specimens 1 and 2. The blue colors (t = 0.1545 s) represent the start of the energy release phase (unlatching), and the red colors represent the first contact between the soft cuticle and the mesosternal lip, that is, the end of the elastic recoil at t = 0.1553 s. Error bars represent ±1 SD.