Table 1.

TB drugs in clinical trials [101].

Chemical Class	Compound	Progress	Mode of Action	Reference(s)
Fluoroquinolone	Levofloxacin	Phase 2	DNA gyrase inhibitor	[102,103]
Rifamycin	Rifampicin (high dose)	Phase 2	RpoB inhibitor	[37]
Oxazolidinone	Delpazolid	Phase 2	Inhibition of protein synthesis	[104,105]
	Sutezolid	Phase 2	Inhibition of protein synthesis	[47]
	TBI-223	Phase 1	Inhibits the binding of N-formylmethionyl tRNA to ribosome	[106]
Nitroimidazole	Delamanid	Phase 3—approved	Inhibits cell wall synthesis	[107]
	Pretomanid	Phase 3—approved	Inhibits cell wall synthesis	[108]
Diarylquinoline	Bedaquiline	Phase 3—accepted	Inhibits mycobacterial ATP synthase	[109]
	TBAJ-587	Preclinical trial	Inhibits mycobacterial ATP synthase and hERG potassium channel	[110]
	TBAJ-876	Preclinical trial	Inhibits mycobacterial ATP synthase	[73,111]
Benzothiazinone	Macozinone	Phase 2	DprE1 inhibitor	[112,113]
	BTZ-043	Phase 1	DprE1 inhibitor	[74]
Other classes	Telacebec (imidazopyridine)	Phase 2	QcrB inhibitor	[84]
	Nitazoxanide (nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide derivate)	Phase 2	Disruption of membrane potential and pH homeostasis	[114,115]
	SQ109 (ethylenediamine)	Phase 2	MmpL3 inhibitor	[37,94]
	TBA-7371 (1,4-azaindole)	Phase 2	DprE1 inhibitor	[116]
	OPC-167832 (3,4-dihydrocarbostyril derivate)	Phase 2	DprE1 inhibitor	[117]
	SPR-720 (ethyl urea benzimidazole)	Phase 1	GyrB inhibitor	[98]
	TBI-166 (riminophenazine)	Phase 1	Membrane destabilization	[99]
	Sanfetrinem (beta-lactam)	Preclinical trial	Inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis	[118]
	Spectinamide-1810 (spectinamide)	Preclinical trial	Selective ribosomal inhibition	[100]