Table 3.
Dietary Intakes | ρ All n = 180 |
ρ Women n = 115 |
ρ Men n = 65 |
ρ Eneradj a All n = 180 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Energy | 0.51 * | 0.57 * | 0.43 * | |
Carbohydrates (non fiber) | 0.60 * | 0.62 * | 0.53 * | 0.54 * |
Fat | 0.43 * | 0.45 * | 0.38 * | 0.40 * |
Saturated fat | 0.39 * | 0.44 * | 0.28 * | 0.34 * |
Monounsaturated fat | 0.44 * | 0.42 * | 0.42 * | 0.37 * |
Polyunsaturated fat | 0.29 * | 0.24 * | 0.37 * | 0.21 * |
Protein | 0.52 * | 0.47 * | 0.47 * | 0.51 * |
Fiber | 0.58 * | 0.68 * | 0.36 * | 0.58 * |
Sucrose | 0.41 * | 0.43 * | 0.36 * | 0.32 * |
Monosaccharides | 0.53 * | 0.58 * | 0.48 * | 0.50 * |
Disaccharides | 0.47 * | 0.50 * | 0.44 * | 0.41 * |
Vitamin C | 0.49 * | 0.46 * | 0.47 * | 0.52 * |
Folate | 0.48 * | 0.54 * | 0.39 * | 0.50 * |
Retinol equivalent | 0.35 * | 0.36 * | 0.33 * | 0.34 * |
β-carotene | 0.38 * | 0.55 * | 0.05 | 0.41 * |
Vitamin D | 0.21 * | 0.17 | 0.28 * | 0.20 * |
Vitamin E | 0.36 * | 0.30 * | 0.48 * | 0.40 * |
Alcohol | 0.51 * | 0.52 * | 0.46 * | 0.47 * |
Iron | 0.48 * | 0.54 * | 0.33 * | 0.46 * |
Zink | 0.49 * | 0.43 * | 0.46 * | 0.31 * |
Magnesium | 0.55 * | 0.60 * | 0.46 * | 0.48 * |
Calcium | 0.43 * | 0.52 * | 0.29 * | 0.42 * |
Sodium | 0.49 * | 0.43 * | 0.44 * | 0.32 * |
Water (in beverages and food moisture) | 0.60 * | 0.62 * | 0.57 * | 0.48 * |
Whole grain | 0.37 * | 0.38 * | 0.34 * | 0.40 * |
Low-fiber Soft bread total | 0.36 * | 0.40 * | 0.25 * | 0.33 * |
High-fiber soft bread total | 0.36 * | 0.38 * | 0.41 * | 0.43 * |
High-fiber crisp bread | 0.32 * | 0.35 * | 0.34 * | 0.34 * |
Breakfast cereals/porridge | 0.51 * | 0.53 * | 0.50 * | 0.50 * |
Rice, pasta and other grains | 0.28 * | 0.20 * | 0.43 * | 0.22 * |
Nuts/seeds | 0.40 * | 0.47 * | 0.15 | 0.40 * |
Red meat, non processed | 0.33 * | 0.30 * | 0.26 * | 0.28 * |
Processed meat | 0.32 * | 0.31 * | 0.19 | 0.27 * |
Total red meat | 0.47 * | 0.42 * | 0.40 * | 0.43 * |
Poultry | 0.21 * | 0.24 * | 0.16 | 0.25 * |
Vegetarian products b | 0.43 * | 0.42 * | 0.51 * | 0.44 * |
Egg | 0.29 * | 0.31 * | 0.26 * | 0.30 * |
Total dairy | 0.45 * | 0.38 * | 0.56 * | 0.42 * |
Yoghurt/sour milk | 0.52 * | 0.54 * | 0.45 * | 0.54 * |
Milk, non fermented total | 0.47 * | 0.50 * | 0.44 * | 0.43 * |
Cheese | 0.29 * | 0.33 * | 0.21 * | 0.30 * |
Butter based spreads | 0.44 * | 0.52 * | 0.30 * | 0.45 * |
Oil-based spreads | 0.48 * | 0.49 * | 0.43 * | 0.48 * |
Fatty fish | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.05 |
Lean fish and shellfish | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.11 |
Fish total | 0.15 * | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.22 * |
Vegetables total | 0.47 * | 0.53 * | 0.28 * | 0.51 * |
Legumes | 0.23 * | 0.26 * | 0.16 | 0.23 * |
Root vegetables | 0.27 * | 0.41 * | 0.06 | 0.27 * |
Green leafy vegetables | 0.30 * | 0.34 * | 0.21 | 0.32 * |
Cruciferous vegetables | 0.21 * | 0.22 * | 0.15 | 0.20 * |
Potatoes | 0.37 * | 0.34 * | 0.38 * | 0.36 * |
Fruit and berries, total | 0.51 * | 0.46 * | 0.38 * | 0.38 * |
Citrus | 0.39 * | 0.29 * | 0.27 * | 0.32 * |
Berries | 0.29 * | 0.31 * | 0.16 | 0.30 * |
Sweets/pastry/desserts | 0.32 * | 0.19 * | 0.48 * | 0.32 * |
Jam, sugar and honey | 0.21 * | 0.24 * | 0.14 | 0.20 * |
Salty snacks | 0.31 * | 0.24 * | 0.44 * | 0.31 * |
Food replacement products | 0.44 * | 0.41 * | 0.49 * | 0.43 * |
Sugar-sweetened beverages | 0.43 * | 0.33 * | 0.53 * | 0.42 * |
Low-calorie beverages | 0.47 * | 0.31 * | 0.67 * | 0.46 * |
Juice | 0.34 * | 0.32 * | 0.34 * | 0.32 * |
Tea | 0.69 * | 0.67 * | 0.72 * | 0.70 * |
Coffee | 0.79 * | 0.81 * | 0.75 * | 0.79 * |
Water (tap and bottled) | 0.63 * | 0.60 * | 0.58 * | 0.62 * |
* p < 0.01 for indicated correlations. a Energy adjusted dietary intakes in the 180 participants were calculated using intakes divided with non-alcohol energy intake; b Meat/milk/cheese replacement products.