Table 7.
Dietary daily intake of energy and nutrients intakes and the prevalence of deficiency in the subjects aged 80 and above in different household income level.
| Nutrient | Low | Middle | High | Unclear | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SE | Below EAR (%) | Mean | SE | Below EAR (%) | Mean | SE | Below EAR (%) | Mean | SE | Below EAR (%) | |
| Energy (kcal/d) # | 1431.3 | 32.6 | 76.9 | 1413.3 | 25.5 | 75.8 | 1487.4 | 29.8 | 74.0 | 1402.4 | 33.2 | 76.8 |
| Protein (g/d) | 40.0 | 1.1 | 83.3 a | 42.3 | 1.0 | 79.3 a | 51.2 | 1.7 | 63.4 a | 41.7 | 1.5 | 81.3 |
| Fat (g/d) * | 56.2 | 2.3 | 25.0 h | 59.9 | 2.1 | 19.7 h | 59.7 | 1.5 | 20.0 h | 58.1 | 2.1 | 25.6 h |
| Carbohydrate (g/d) * | 192.2 | 5.3 | 40.3 g | 177.0 | 4.0 | 40.5 g | 187.1 | 4.8 | 38.8 g | 179.0 | 5.6 | 37.9 g |
| Vitamin A (μgRAE/d) & | 183.6 | 14.2 | 95.8 | 219.0 | 11.4 | 93.2 | 266.6 | 16.4 | 89.7 | 215.4 | 19.1 | 94.6 |
| VitaminE (mg/d) &^ | 27.2 | 1.5 | 30.3 | 25.6 | 1.2 | 30.3 | 26.2 | 1.0 | 22.6 | 25.1 | 2.6 | 38.8 |
| Vitamin B1 (mg/d) | 0.6 | 0.0 | 94.2 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 96.3 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 93.2 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 93.8 |
| Vitamin B2 (mg/d) | 0.5 | 0.0 | 98.0 a | 0.5 | 0.0 | 95.8 a | 0.7 | 0.0 | 87.1 a | 0.5 | 0.0 | 96.4 |
| Vitamin C (mg/d) | 57.1 | 2.2 | 80.7 | 68.4 | 5.6 | 76.9 | 73.4 | 3.0 | 69.0 | 63.0 | 3.2 | 78.2 |
| Niacin (mgNE/d) & | 15.2 | 0.5 | 21.0 | 15.9 | 0.4 | 14.0 | 18.7 | 0.6 | 8.4 | 16.0 | 0.6 | 17.9 |
| Folate (µg/d) | 103.5 | 3.8 | 99.3 a | 111.6 | 4.0 | 98.1 a | 150.7 | 7.6 | 92.9 a | 105.1 | 5.4 | 97.8 |
| Calcium (mg/d) | 255.2 | 7.8 | 99.6 a | 272.2 | 9.3 | 99.1 a | 405.9 | 23.4 | 93.9 a | 254.2 | 12.1 | 99.4 |
| Iron (mg/d) | 14.5 | 0.4 | 19.0 | 14.6 | 0.3 | 16.2 | 16.8 | 0.6 | 9.3 | 14.2 | 0.4 | 19.7 |
| Zinc (mg/d) | 6.9 | 0.2 | 67.3 | 7.1 | 0.2 | 63.2 | 8.1 | 0.2 | 57.0 | 7.0 | 0.2 | 68.6 |
| Selenium (μg/d) | 25.6 | 1.0 | 92.5 | 29.6 | 1.2 | 89.8 | 36.1 | 1.9 | 82.1 | 29.1 | 1.4 | 90.4 |
| Magnesium (mg/d) | 190.7 | 5.5 | 82.9 a | 189.7 | 4.7 | 85.6 a | 227.2 | 6.9 | 71.1 a | 181.5 | 5.9 | 88.0 |
| Sodium (mg/d) ^ | 4343.5 | 175.0 | 7.0 | 4158.7 | 169.2 | 5.5 | 3779.2 | 128.6 | 6.1 | 4048.6 | 176.5 | 6.2 |
| Potassium (mg/d) ^ | 1002.6 | 26.8 | 96.2 a | 1087.5 | 30.6 | 95.5 a | 1389.3 | 52.4 | 83.2 a | 1016.9 | 38.4 | 95.2 |
#: Compare to EER; ^: Compare to AI; *: fat: the percentage of energy from fat in 20–30%; carbohydrate: the percentage of energy from carbohydrate in 50–65%; &: μgRAE/d: μg Retinol Activity Equivalents (RAE) per day; mgNE/d: mg Niacin Equivalents (NE) per day; a: after controlling age, gender, marital status, education level and household income level, p < 0.05. h: low: <20%: 15.2%, >30%: 59.8%; middle: <20%: 11.1%, >30%: 69.2%; high: <20%: 8.2%, >30%: 71.8%; unclear: <20%: 9.3%, >30%: 65.1%. g: low: <50%: 37.5%, >65%: 22.2%; middle: <50%: 44.8%, >65%: 14.7%; high: <50%: 50.1%, >65%: 11.1%; unclear: <50%: 47.9%, >65%: 14.2%.