Abstract
Blood selenium levels were found to fluctuate throughout the year, being highest during the indoor season when the greatest amounts of compound concentrates were fed. From October to January the average blood selenium levels increased from 0.10 μg/ml to 0.18 μg/ml (15 cows). Subcutaneous injections of barium selenate (500 mg selenium) increased the blood selenium levels significantly. The treated group (15 cows) reached average levels of about 0.21 μg/ml blood during the indoor season.
The effect of oral supplementation of sodium selenite (for 2 months) on the levels of plasma selenium, blood selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity was investigated. Plasma selenium was found to give an immediate reflection of the daily selenium intake. Maximum activity of glutathione peroxidase was reached 1 month after the end of the supplementation period.
It is concluded that if selenium enriched concentrates are used in a normal feeding regimen, further supplementation with selenium does not seem to be necessary.
Keywords: sodium selenite, barium selenate, glutathione peroxidase, selenium deficiency
Sammendrag
Seleninnholdet i blodet hos melkekyr varierte gjennom året. De høyeste nivåer ble påvist i innefôringssesongen når kraftfôrbruken var størst.
Gjennomsnittsnivåene av selen i blod økte fra 0.10 µg/ml i oktober til 0.18 µg/ml i januar (15 kyr).
Subcutane injeksjoner av barium selenat (500 mg selen) ga en signifikant økning av selennivåene i blod. Den behandlede gruppen (15 kyr) hadde gjennomsnittsnivåer omkring 0.21 µg/ml gjennom innefôringsperioden.
Effekten av å gi natrium selenitt peroralt (i 2 mnd) på plasmaselen, blodselen og glutathion peroksydase aktivitet ble undersøkt. Plasmaselen viste seg å gi et godt bilde av det daglige seleninntak; Maksimal glutation peroksydase aktivitet ble funnet 1 mnd etter at tilførselen av natriumselenitt var opphørt.
Det konkluderes med at under normale fôringsforhold med bruk av kraftfôr tilsatt selen, synes det ikke å være nødvendig å gi ekstra tilskudd til melkekyr.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (820.9 KB).
References
- Blood DC, Radostits OM, Henderson JA. Veterinary Medicine. 6. 1983. p. 1049. [Google Scholar]
- Brun E, Overnes G. Barium selenate as a slowrelease selenium preparation in pigs. Acta vet. scand. 1986;27:388–396. doi: 10.1186/BF03548153. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carlström G, Jonsson G, Pehrson B. An evaluation of selenium status of cattle in Sweden by means of glutathione peroxidase. Swedish J. agric. Res. 1979;9:43–446. [Google Scholar]
- Thode J P, Agergaard N. Vurdering af selenstatus i nogle kvægbesætninger ved hjælp af glutathionperoxidasebestemmelser. (Evaluation of selenium status in some cattle herds by analysing gluthathione peroxidase activity) Dansk Vet.-T. 1981;64:603–612. [Google Scholar]
- Koller LD, South PS, Exon JH, Whitbeck GA. Selenium deficiency of beef cattle in Idaho and Washington and a practical means of prevention. Cornell Vet. 1983;73:323–332. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mallinson CB, Allen WM, Sansom BF. Barium selenate injections in cattle: Effects on selenium concentrations in plasma and liver and residues at the site of injection. Vet. Rec. 1985;117:405–407. doi: 10.1136/vr.117.16.405. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Norheim G, Haugen A. Precise determination of selenium in tissues using automated wet digestion and an automated hydride generator-atomic absorption spectroscopy system. Acta Pharmacol. (Kbh.) 1986;59(7):610–612. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1986.tb02837.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Paglia PE, Valentine WN. Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterisation of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J. Lab. clin. Med. 1967;70:158–169. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ropstad E, Overnes G, Refsdal AO. Selenium levels in Norwegian dairy herds related to reproductive and health performance. Acta agric. scand. 1987;37:397–4105. doi: 10.1080/00015128709436571. [DOI] [Google Scholar]
- Overnes G, Moksnes K, Froslie A. Barium selenate: a long-acting selenium preparation for subcutaneous injection. Acta vet. scand. 1985;26:164–168. doi: 10.1186/BF03546548. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]