Table 2.
Summary of acceleration sensors used for SCG data acquisition. Abbreviations used in the table: Acc—accelerometer; Gyr—gyroscope; ARS—angular rate sensor; 1—uniaxial; 2—biaxial; 3—triaxial; MEMS—micro electromechanical systems; SP—smart phone.
| Reference | Sensor Type | Sensor Model | Sensor Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| [54–56] | 3-Acc | SCA610-C21H1A, Murata Electronic | 1 cm above xiphoid |
| [43,44] | 3-MEMS-Acc | MMA 7361, Freescale Semiconductor | Heart apex |
| [57] | 3-MEMS-Acc | MMA 7361, Freescale Semiconductor | Above xiphoid |
| [58] | 3-MEMS-Acc | Analog Devices | 2 cm above xiphoid |
| [36,38,45] | 3-MEMS-Acc 3-MEMS-Gyr |
KXRB5-2042, Kionix MPU9150, Invensense |
Left sternal border along the 3rd rib |
| [59] | 3-Acc | ViSi Mobile, Sotera Wireless | Chest wall |
| [60,61] | 1-Acc 1-Acc |
4381, Brüel & Kjær 393C, PCB Piezotronics |
Above xiphoid |
| [62,63] | 1-Acc | DS1104, DSPACE | Xiphoid process |
| [64] | 3-Acc | ADXL 335, Analog Devices | Chest wall |
| [46] | 3-SP-Acc | iPhone6, Apple | Midclavicular line and 4th intercostal space Belly above navel |
| [65,66] | 3-Acc | 356A32, PCB Piezotronics | Left sternal border along the 4th intercostal space |
| [67] | 3-Acc | X6-2mini, GCDC | Left sternal border along the 4th intercostal space |
| [68] | 1-MEMS-Acc | SCA620, Murata Electronic |
Sternum—anterior chest |
| [25,69,70] | 3-MEMS-Acc | MMA8451Q, Freescale Semiconductor | Sternum |
| [34,71] | 1-Acc | LIS331DLH, STMicroelectronics | Mitral valve, tricuspid valve, aortic valve, pulmonary valve |
| [72] | 3-MEMS-Acc | MMA 7361, Freescale Semiconductor | Left sternal border along the 3rd rib |
| [73] | 3-MEMS-Acc | MMA8451Q, Freescale Semiconductor | Sternum, aortic valve, heart apex |
| [74] | 3-Acc 1-Acc |
CXL01LF3, Crossbow Technology 7290-A, Endevco Microtron |
Manubrium Xiphoid |
| [75–78] | 3-Acc | BMA280, Bosch Sensortec GmbH | Mid-sternum |
| [79] | 3-MEMS-Acc | TSD109C, Biopac Systems | Left sternal border along the 3rd rib |
| [41] | 3-Acc | 356A32, PCB Piezotronics | Sternum, upper and lower sternum |
| [80] | 1-Acc | N/A | Sternum |
| [81] | 3-MEMS-Acc 3-Gyr |
MMA8451Q, Freescale Semiconductor L3GD20, STMicroelectronics |
N/A |
| [82] | 3-Acc | ADXL 335, Analog Devices | Mid-sternum, upper sternum, lower sternum Point of max impulse, below left clavicle, below right clavicle |
| [83] | 3-MEMS-Acc 3-MEMS-Gyr |
SparkFun, Intel Edison | Sensor clipped on subjects clothes |
| [50,51] | Microwave Doppler radar | ||
| [47,48] | 3-SP-Acc | Xperia Z-series, Sony | Chest |
| [49] | Laser Doppler vibrometer | PDV-100, Polytec | |
| [37] | 3-MEMS-Acc 2-MEMS-Gyr |
LIS344ALH, STMicroelectronics LPY403AL, STMicroelectronics |
Heart apex Lower back of subject between 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae |
| [31] | 3-MEMS-Acc 3-MEMS-ARS |
MMA8451Q, Freescale Semiconductor MAX21000, Maxim Integrated |
Sternum |
| [53] | AUSMC | Composed of the following sensors: - MA40S4S, Murata Electronics - FG-23629 Knowles microphone |
∼30 × 40 cm2 thoracic and abdominal surface |