Table 1. All hominids described for Africa during the Late Miocene (11.6–5.3 Ma).

Age (Ma)	Fossil site(s)		Taxon	Reference(s)
ca. 5.4	ESC2;3;8, Gona, Ethiopia		Ardipithecus kadabba	(Simpson et al., 2015)
5.6–5.2*	Amba East, Ethiopia		Ardipithecus cf. kadabba	(Haile-Selassie, 2001; Haile-Selassie, Suwa & White, 2004)
5.77–5.54	ALA; ASK; DID; STD†		Ardipithecus kadabba
5.8–5.7	Tugen Hills, Kenya	Kapcheberek	Orrorin tugenensis	(Senut et al., 2001; Sawada et al., 2002; Pickford & Senut, 2005; Senut, 2010, 2015; Senut, Pickford & Gommery, 2018)
5.9–5.8		Kapsomin	Orrorin tugenensis
			Incertae sedis (early Gorilla?)
ca. 6.1		Cheboit	Orrorin tugenensis
			Incertae sedis (early Pan?)
		Aragai	Orrorin tugenensis
6–5	Nkondo, Uganda		cf. Gorillini	(Pickford et al., 1988)
6.3	ABD1, Gona, Ethiopia		cf. Ardipithecus kadabba	(Simpson et al., 2015)
6.5–5‡	Lothagam, Kenya		Homininae indet.	(Leakey & Walker, 2003)
7.34-7.1§	Toros-Menalla, Chad		Sahelanthropus tchadensis	(Brunet et al., 2002, 2005)
8.0	Ch’orora, Ethiopia		Chororapithecus abyssinicus	(Suwa et al., 2007)
9.5	Samburu Hills, Kenya		Samburupithecus kiptalami	(Ishida & Pickford, 1997)
9.9–9.8	NA39, Nakali, Kenya		Nakalipithecus nakayamai	(Kunimatsu et al., 2007)
			Hominidea indet.	(Kunimatsu et al., 2016)
11–8¶	N 885, Niger		Incertae sedis (early Pan?)	(Pickford et al., 2008, 2009)

Notes:

^*Probably closer to 5.2 Ma than 5.6, but the Kuserale Mb of the Sagantole Fm is bracketed as in Renne et al. (1999).

^†Fossiliferous localities in the Asa Koma Mb of the Adu Asa Fm (Middle Awash, Ethiopia). ALA = Alayla (ALA-VP-2), ASK = Asa Koma (ASK-VP-3), DID = Digiba Dora (DID-VP-1); STD = Saitune Dora (STD-VP-2).

^‡Not the KNM-LT 329 mandible, but two teeth (KNM-LT 22930 M₃; KNM-LT 25935 I₁) from older deposits (Upper Nawata).

^§Cosmogenic nuclide dating (Lebatard et al., 2010).

^¶Only biostratigraphic dating available, a more conservative range would be 11.6–5.3 Ma (Late Miocene).