Table.
Age-standardised prevalence of current smoking tobacco use in 2019 and percentage change in age-standardised prevalence of current smoking tobacco use in 1990–2019 among individuals aged 15 years and older, by location and sex
|
Age-standardised prevalence, 2019 |
Percentage change 1990–2019 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Females | Males | Females | Males | ||
| Global | 6·62 (6·43 to 6·83) | 32·7 (32·3 to 33·0) | −37·7 (−39·9 to −35·4) | −27·5 (−28·5 to −26·5) | |
| Central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia | 15·5 (14·9 to 16·2) | 39·5 (38·9 to 40·0) | −4·37 (−10·2 to 2·00) | −21·6 (−23·2 to −20·0) | |
| Central Asia | 3·79 (3·45 to 4·18) | 34·3 (33·5 to 35·1) | −5·97 (−19·7 to 7·78) | −12·3 (−15·1 to −9·61) | |
| Armenia | 3·10 (2·48 to 3·79) | 55·3 (53·6 to 57·0) | −5·19 (−33·9 to 35·0) | −8·42 (−13·1 to −3·89) | |
| Azerbaijan | 2·50 (1·86 to 3·30) | 43·6 (41·9 to 45·2) | 30·8 (−13·7 to 91·7) | −1·55 (−8·50 to 5·78) | |
| Georgia | 7·03 (5·97 to 8·15) | 51·8 (50·0 to 53·6) | 11·3 (−16·7 to 45·2) | 5·80 (−0·933 to 13·6) | |
| Kazakhstan | 7·69 (6·46 to 9·16) | 43·2 (41·3 to 45·0) | 2·88 (−25·3 to 33·1) | −14·9 (−19·9 to −10·0) | |
| Kyrgyzstan | 4·65 (3·77 to 5·63) | 43·6 (41·7 to 45·5) | 49·0 (7·52 to 105) | −5·39 (−10·5 to −0·251) | |
| Mongolia | 8·26 (6·86 to 9·84) | 51·7 (49·6 to 53·9) | 44·4 (7·67 to 88·9) | 11·0 (4·24 to 18·5) | |
| Tajikistan | 1·29 (0·982 to 1·68) | 16·9 (15·7 to 18·3) | −41·7 (−61·7 to −15·0) | −45·8 (−51·7 to −39·4) | |
| Turkmenistan | 3·05 (2·34 to 3·91) | 21·6 (19·8 to 23·4) | −37·4 (−58·3 to −9·91) | −46·5 (−52·2 to −40·4) | |
| Uzbekistan | 1·94 (1·48 to 2·48) | 24·8 (23·1 to 26·6) | 47·9 (−0·335 to 117) | 36·3 (19·6 to 53·5) | |
| Central Europe | 25·9 (25·0 to 26·7) | 35·8 (35·1 to 36·4) | −8·47 (−13·0 to −3·96) | −24·7 (−26·5 to −22·8) | |
| Albania | 11·9 (9·87 to 14·2) | 51·5 (49·7 to 53·1) | 85·0 (35·1 to 145) | 25·4 (16·5 to 34·3) | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 30·5 (26·8 to 34·2) | 45·1 (42·6 to 47·5) | 41·1 (16·1 to 70·3) | 17·5 (7·49 to 27·7) | |
| Bulgaria | 32·5 (29·5 to 35·4) | 42·5 (40·4 to 44·6) | −16·2 (−29·5 to −0·400) | −20·4 (−26·0 to −14·9) | |
| Croatia | 32·6 (29·9 to 35·5) | 39·1 (37·2 to 41·0) | −11·7 (−23·5 to 0·755) | −17·6 (−23·3 to −11·8) | |
| Czech Republic | 23·2 (21·3 to 25·2) | 34·1 (32·5 to 35·6) | −20·2 (−29·1 to −9·61) | −21·7 (−27·5 to −15·9) | |
| Hungary | 26·5 (23·8 to 29·2) | 34·2 (32·0 to 36·1) | −18·4 (−29·4 to −6·32) | −21·7 (−27·2 to −15·6) | |
| Montenegro | 32·7 (30·3 to 35·2) | 37·5 (35·7 to 39·3) | 0·505 (−15·8 to 20·0) | −8·35 (−16·0 to −0·294) | |
| North Macedonia | 31·0 (28·3 to 33·9) | 47·1 (45·0 to 49·2) | 4·38 (−14·7 to 25·1) | −2·24 (−9·31 to 5·48) | |
| Poland | 24·4 (22·5 to 26·3) | 31·8 (30·4 to 33·3) | −17·8 (−25·8 to −9·17) | −40·5 (−43·6 to −37·2) | |
| Romania | 23·5 (21·7 to 25·5) | 38·4 (36·8 to 40·0) | 8·91 (−5·85 to 25·1) | −18·8 (−24·7 to −12·8) | |
| Serbia | 37·8 (34·5 to 41·1) | 38·8 (36·9 to 40·8) | 20·3 (2·25 to 39·8) | −6·30 (−13·4 to 1·34) | |
| Slovakia | 20·9 (18·7 to 23·3) | 33·3 (31·2 to 35·3) | −14·9 (−31·4 to 4·94) | −23·3 (−30·0 to −16·2) | |
| Slovenia | 24·9 (22·6 to 27·4) | 29·8 (28·0 to 31·5) | 9·05 (−11·3 to 30·7) | −11·0 (−19·1 to −1·45) | |
| Eastern Europe | 15·6 (14·4 to 17·0) | 44·7 (43·7 to 45·8) | 15·9 (2·24 to 31·3) | −19·4 (−22·0 to −16·8) | |
| Belarus | 23·6 (20·7 to 26·6) | 50·2 (47·9 to 52·5) | 31·5 (0·570 to 69·1) | −5·15 (−11·8 to 1·42) | |
| Estonia | 18·9 (17·2 to 20·7) | 31·7 (30·2 to 33·1) | −12·9 (−24·8 to −1·42) | −28·3 (−32·5 to −23·9) | |
| Latvia | 21·3 (19·3 to 23·4) | 46·9 (45·2 to 48·7) | −3·33 (−18·8 to 15·5) | −12·9 (−17·4 to −7·98) | |
| Lithuania | 20·3 (18·4 to 22·6) | 37·9 (36·1 to 39·8) | 28·9 (10·4 to 50·4) | −18·5 (−23·9 to −12·9) | |
| Moldova | 7·20 (5·93 to 8·68) | 40·6 (38·6 to 42·7) | 11·7 (−17·2 to 47·7) | 3·88 (−4·24 to 13·0) | |
| Russia | 15·5 (13·9 to 17·3) | 45·6 (44·1 to 47·0) | 26·1 (5·67 to 49·7) | −17·6 (−21·1 to −13·9) | |
| Ukraine | 14·4 (12·7 to 16·3) | 42·0 (40·3 to 43·6) | −7·85 (−26·0 to 12·4) | −28·3 (−32·1 to −24·4) | |
| High income | 17·6 (17·1 to 18·2) | 26·9 (26·4 to 27·3) | −28·8 (−31·2 to −26·2) | −32·2 (−33·4 to −31·0) | |
| Australasia | 14·5 (12·7 to 16·5) | 16·7 (15·6 to 17·9) | −46·5 (−53·1 to −39·0) | −46·2 (−50·0 to −42·3) | |
| Australia | 14·4 (12·2 to 16·7) | 16·4 (15·1 to 17·8) | −46·8 (−54·9 to −38·0) | −48·1 (−52·4 to −43·7) | |
| New Zealand | 15·2 (13·9 to 16·5) | 18·4 (17·5 to 19·4) | −44·8 (−49·8 to −39·5) | −35·6 (−39·5 to −31·4) | |
| High-income Asia Pacific | 8·48 (7·48 to 9·64) | 35·9 (34·4 to 37·3) | −25·6 (−35·7 to −14·7) | −36·9 (−39·7 to −34·0) | |
| Brunei | 5·39 (4·28 to 6·78) | 28·5 (26·1 to 31·2) | −31·3 (−50·9 to −7·75) | −33·3 (−40·4 to −25·8) | |
| Japan | 10·2 (8·71 to 11·9) | 33·4 (31·4 to 35·5) | −23·6 (−35·2 to −9·65) | −41·7 (−45·3 to −38·0) | |
| Singapore | 6·82 (5·38 to 8·41) | 20·6 (18·9 to 22·4) | −32·6 (−52·1 to −8·90) | −31·3 (−39·6 to −22·5) | |
| South Korea | 5·21 (4·14 to 6·58) | 42·5 (40·1 to 44·7) | −18·4 (−42·8 to 11·5) | −25·2 (−30·4 to −19·5) | |
| High-income North America | 15·3 (14·1 to 16·7) | 19·7 (18·8 to 20·7) | −39·9 (−44·8 to −34·5) | −31·8 (−35·3 to −28·2) | |
| Canada | 15·9 (13·4 to 18·6) | 18·3 (16·8 to 19·8) | −48·2 (−56·5 to −38·9) | −46·8 (−51·7 to −42·0) | |
| Greenland | 42·3 (36·5 to 48·4) | 44·1 (40·9 to 47·3) | −5·32 (−21·0 to 13·6) | −10·2 (−18·0 to −2·05) | |
| USA | 15·3 (13·9 to 16·7) | 19·9 (18·8 to 21·0) | −38·7 (−44·2 to −32·7) | −29·8 (−33·7 to −25·7) | |
| Southern Latin America | 23·3 (21·2 to 25·3) | 31·3 (29·9 to 32·7) | −20·0 (−31·2 to −8·02) | −17·2 (−22·8 to −11·3) | |
| Argentina | 19·6 (17·3 to 22·2) | 29·2 (27·4 to 31·0) | −22·6 (−37·9 to −4·07) | −17·5 (−25·7 to −7·94) | |
| Chile | 32·7 (28·7 to 36·6) | 36·2 (33·9 to 38·4) | −12·7 (−27·0 to 4·89) | −13·0 (−20·6 to −4·91) | |
| Uruguay | 23·1 (19·4 to 26·7) | 31·0 (28·8 to 33·3) | −18·1 (−33·7 to −0·553) | −23·0 (−30·0 to −14·8) | |
| Western Europe | 22·7 (22·0 to 23·4) | 28·8 (28·2 to 29·3) | −24·2 (−26·7 to −21·8) | −28·8 (−30·2 to −27·4) | |
| Andorra | 24·4 (19·6 to 29·5) | 31·4 (28·6 to 34·2) | −19·8 (−37·9 to 1·56) | −25·2 (−32·8 to −17·2) | |
| Austria | 26·1 (23·4 to 29·0) | 36·1 (34·0 to 38·3) | −10·5 (−20·2 to 0·384) | −14·2 (−19·9 to −8·34) | |
| Belgium | 21·4 (19·6 to 23·3) | 24·9 (23·6 to 26·2) | −28·5 (−35·6 to −21·1) | −39·3 (−43·1 to −35·6) | |
| Cyprus | 21·3 (18·7 to 24·3) | 44·8 (42·6 to 47·1) | −11·6 (−30·8 to 9·57) | −5·43 (−12·5 to 2·85) | |
| Denmark | 22·6 (20·6 to 24·8) | 22·7 (21·3 to 24·1) | −49·5 (−54·0 to −44·4) | −49·2 (−52·3 to −45·7) | |
| Finland | 18·1 (16·3 to 20·3) | 24·8 (23·3 to 26·2) | −31·2 (−39·3 to −21·5) | −27·9 (−32·3 to −23·2) | |
| France | 31·3 (28·8 to 33·9) | 36·9 (35·1 to 38·6) | −1·18 (−9·35 to 7·54) | −17·2 (−21·4 to −12·9) | |
| Germany | 23·0 (21·1 to 24·9) | 29·9 (28·4 to 31·4) | −18·0 (−25·2 to −10·3) | −20·7 (−25·2 to −16·2) | |
| Greece | 32·2 (29·5 to 35·1) | 44·1 (42·3 to 46·1) | −0·620 (−9·99 to 8·67) | −18·4 (−22·2 to −14·5) | |
| Iceland | 15·1 (13·1 to 17·5) | 15·8 (14·7 to 17·1) | −47·7 (−56·6 to −37·8) | −51·4 (−55·8 to −46·3) | |
| Ireland | 22·8 (20·4 to 25·3) | 21·9 (20·2 to 23·6) | −27·8 (−35·7 to −19·6) | −38·7 (−43·8 to −33·7) | |
| Israel | 14·9 (12·8 to 17·2) | 26·4 (24·6 to 28·3) | −39·8 (−51·2 to −27·4) | −33·8 (−39·7 to −27·9) | |
| Italy | 18·9 (17·3 to 20·6) | 27·3 (25·8 to 28·8) | −28·1 (−34·5 to −21·2) | −30·5 (−34·6 to −26·3) | |
| Luxembourg | 21·3 (19·3 to 23·3) | 26·2 (24·5 to 28·0) | −27·9 (−36·3 to −19·1) | −31·6 (−36·8 to −25·4) | |
| Malta | 22·0 (19·2 to 24·9) | 26·9 (24·9 to 28·8) | −15·0 (−30·9 to 2·21) | −36·0 (−41·9 to −29·5) | |
| Monaco | 23·6 (18·9 to 28·6) | 29·0 (26·4 to 31·7) | −19·5 (−38·7 to 2·21) | −24·9 (−32·9 to −15·7) | |
| Netherlands | 20·4 (18·6 to 22·2) | 25·0 (23·6 to 26·4) | −46·8 (−51·7 to −41·5) | −42·4 (−46·0 to −38·9) | |
| Norway | 16·5 (14·3 to 18·9) | 20·2 (18·7 to 22·0) | −57·6 (−63·9 to −50·4) | −49·8 (−54·4 to −44·9) | |
| Portugal | 22·4 (20·2 to 24·7) | 33·4 (31·7 to 35·0) | 30·6 (16·4 to 45·4) | −18·7 (−23·1 to −14·2) | |
| San Marino | 18·1 (15·2 to 21·5) | 21·6 (19·7 to 23·4) | −36·0 (−50·7 to −18·3) | −40·5 (−47·3 to −33·4) | |
| Spain | 24·6 (22·6 to 26·8) | 30·7 (29·1 to 32·5) | −23·6 (−30·2 to −16·3) | −39·6 (−42·9 to −36·0) | |
| Sweden | 14·4 (12·6 to 16·5) | 12·4 (11·3 to 13·5) | −47·1 (−54·5 to −38·7) | −44·6 (−50·0 to −38·8) | |
| Switzerland | 23·4 (20·7 to 26·3) | 29·3 (27·2 to 31·2) | −18·9 (−28·6 to −8·35) | −23·5 (−28·6 to −18·4) | |
| UK | 18·1 (16·3 to 19·9) | 21·7 (20·4 to 22·9) | −42·5 (−48·4 to −36·6) | −35·7 (−39·7 to −32·0) | |
| Latin America and Caribbean | 7·64 (7·16 to 8·10) | 17·1 (16·6 to 17·5) | −59·6 (−62·5 to −56·5) | −52·3 (−53·9 to −50·6) | |
| Andean Latin America | 4·84 (4·25 to 5·48) | 14·0 (13·3 to 14·6) | −17·4 (−33·4 to 0·994) | −16·9 (−23·1 to −10·5) | |
| Bolivia | 7·31 (5·94 to 8·85) | 18·2 (16·8 to 19·7) | −0·326 (−29·1 to 36·6) | −7·58 (−18·9 to 5·09) | |
| Ecuador | 4·97 (4·14 to 5·98) | 24·7 (23·5 to 25·9) | −18·1 (−38·7 to 7·54) | −8·37 (−17·2 to 0·777) | |
| Peru | 4·02 (3·22 to 4·95) | 7·33 (6·56 to 8·20) | −23·2 (−47·1 to 9·24) | −35·4 (−45·4 to −24·6) | |
| Caribbean | 8·65 (7·76 to 9·55) | 19·6 (18·9 to 20·4) | −37·1 (−45·9 to −26·9) | −30·9 (−34·6 to −27·0) | |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 5·56 (4·29 to 6·97) | 12·5 (11·1 to 14·1) | 31·5 (−6·42 to 81·9) | 31·4 (11·8 to 52·7) | |
| The Bahamas | 3·18 (2·51 to 4·04) | 11·4 (10·4 to 12·6) | −11·4 (−38·4 to 27·1) | −0·304 (−13·6 to 15·5) | |
| Barbados | 4·61 (3·60 to 5·88) | 13·9 (12·6 to 15·5) | −3·25 (−34·2 to 38·0) | −15·4 (−26·6 to −2·65) | |
| Belize | 4·13 (3·18 to 5·24) | 22·5 (20·4 to 24·6) | 9·24 (−25·9 to 50·3) | 1·95 (−11·1 to 15·7) | |
| Bermuda | 8·32 (6·80 to 10·2) | 18·1 (16·5 to 19·9) | −2·45 (−28·8 to 33·4) | −0·776 (−13·6 to 14·7) | |
| Cuba | 15·3 (12·7 to 17·9) | 31·8 (29·4 to 34·4) | −34·2 (−49·2 to −15·1) | −25·9 (−32·8 to −18·2) | |
| Dominica | 6·29 (4·82 to 8·04) | 15·1 (13·4 to 16·8) | −6·88 (−35·3 to 27·5) | −2·73 (−17·0 to 13·5) | |
| Dominican Republic | 9·27 (7·70 to 10·9) | 13·7 (12·6 to 14·9) | −21·0 (−39·6 to 1·18) | −7·15 (−18·0 to 5·97) | |
| Grenada | 5·39 (4·16 to 6·85) | 17·7 (15·8 to 19·6) | 2·67 (−30·5 to 44·3) | 7·33 (−7·82 to 23·7) | |
| Guyana | 4·20 (3·32 to 5·19) | 24·9 (23·3 to 26·8) | −9·62 (−36·7 to 22·6) | 6·45 (−6·41 to 20·9) | |
| Haiti | 2·65 (2·05 to 3·36) | 10·1 (9·22 to 11·0) | −48·6 (−65·2 to −27·5) | −45·8 (−52·6 to −38·4) | |
| Jamaica | 6·82 (5·73 to 8·09) | 20·1 (18·5 to 21·8) | −21·8 (−40·1 to 0·233) | −26·5 (−34·8 to −17·5) | |
| Puerto Rico | 8·57 (7·42 to 9·87) | 16·0 (14·9 to 17·2) | −14·2 (−31·8 to 6·44) | −18·3 (−26·4 to −8·88) | |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2·87 (2·16 to 3·75) | 10·5 (9·30 to 11·8) | −0·0613 (−32·4 to 41·3) | 1·56 (−15·0 to 20·1) | |
| Saint Lucia | 5·27 (4·17 to 6·49) | 19·2 (17·4 to 21·1) | −14·2 (−39·3 to 18·3) | −13·3 (−24·0 to −0·879) | |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 4·24 (3·22 to 5·53) | 20·3 (18·5 to 22·1) | 2·04 (−28·9 to 41·4) | −4·93 (−15·8 to 7·45) | |
| Suriname | 8·85 (7·07 to 11·0) | 34·2 (31·7 to 36·6) | −25·5 (−46·9 to 0·950) | −17·7 (−25·5 to −8·96) | |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 8·17 (6·44 to 10·1) | 28·9 (26·6 to 31·2) | −7·88 (−34·0 to 26·3) | −12·7 (−22·4 to −2·34) | |
| Virgin Islands | 4·98 (3·98 to 6·18) | 8·28 (7·38 to 9·22) | −24·3 (−46·3 to 2·89) | −23·3 (−34·3 to −9·97) | |
| Central Latin America | 8·72 (8·04 to 9·48) | 22·7 (22·0 to 23·4) | −42·2 (−49·0 to −34·4) | −40·1 (−42·6 to −37·5) | |
| Colombia | 9·71 (8·42 to 11·2) | 14·7 (13·6 to 15·9) | −33·3 (−49·3 to −13·6) | −53·6 (−58·7 to −48·1) | |
| Costa Rica | 7·19 (5·93 to 8·67) | 15·3 (14·1 to 16·6) | −48·2 (−60·7 to −32·1) | −45·9 (−52·2 to −38·8) | |
| El Salvador | 3·70 (2·91 to 4·63) | 17·3 (15·8 to 18·9) | 36·9 (−5·05 to 87·8) | 34·3 (15·4 to 55·2) | |
| Guatemala | 4·34 (3·43 to 5·41) | 20·5 (19·0 to 22·0) | −5·00 (−32·1 to 29·7) | −14·6 (−24·8 to −4·31) | |
| Honduras | 5·25 (4·15 to 6·61) | 24·0 (22·2 to 25·9) | −11·8 (−35·3 to 16·4) | −19·9 (−28·4 to −10·5) | |
| Mexico | 9·01 (7·79 to 10·3) | 27·0 (25·7 to 28·2) | −48·1 (−57·1 to −38·3) | −40·6 (−44·3 to −36·8) | |
| Nicaragua | 5·46 (4·15 to 7·01) | 21·5 (19·5 to 23·7) | −16·2 (−42·4 to 17·4) | −23·3 (−33·2 to −12·7) | |
| Panama | 4·57 (3·58 to 5·71) | 12·4 (11·3 to 13·7) | −35·9 (−54·5 to −10·6) | −39·1 (−46·3 to −31·1) | |
| Venezuela | 11·7 (9·37 to 14·5) | 22·8 (20·5 to 25·2) | −32·2 (−49·8 to −11·0) | −35·3 (−42·6 to −27·0) | |
| Tropical Latin America | 6·90 (6·06 to 7·74) | 11·2 (10·6 to 11·9) | −74·3 (−77·6 to −70·8) | −71·5 (−73·7 to −69·2) | |
| Brazil | 6·86 (6·02 to 7·73) | 10·9 (10·1 to 11·6) | −74·7 (−78·0 to −71·2) | −72·5 (−74·7 to −70·1) | |
| Paraguay | 8·33 (6·79 to 10·1) | 24·6 (22·7 to 26·7) | −41·9 (−56·4 to −24·7) | −39·7 (−46·3 to −33·4) | |
| North Africa and Middle East | 5·63 (5·31 to 5·99) | 32·4 (31·9 to 32·9) | −2·88 (−12·7 to 7·23) | −11·2 (−13·6 to −8·75) | |
| Afghanistan | 2·67 (2·10 to 3·39) | 17·0 (15·7 to 18·4) | 179 (93·4 to 285) | 205 (158 to 254) | |
| Algeria | 1·74 (1·34 to 2·24) | 32·7 (30·6 to 34·8) | −28·7 (−51·5 to −0·699) | −7·01 (−16·2 to 2·31) | |
| Bahrain | 5·10 (4·13 to 6·33) | 23·4 (21·4 to 25·5) | −20·7 (−40·4 to 2·68) | −1·03 (−11·1 to 10·0) | |
| Egypt | 1·06 (0·803 to 1·37) | 43·4 (42·2 to 44·7) | 2·41 (−31·7 to 50·5) | 13·1 (4·88 to 21·9) | |
| Iran | 4·73 (3·84 to 5·75) | 24·9 (23·2 to 26·5) | 8·28 (−26·7 to 47·9) | 2·30 (−8·74 to 14·6) | |
| Iraq | 3·53 (2·81 to 4·38) | 37·6 (35·4 to 39·6) | −22·1 (−45·0 to 6·51) | −18·8 (−25·2 to −11·5) | |
| Jordan | 11·8 (10·1 to 13·8) | 53·0 (51·5 to 54·5) | 10·6 (−15·8 to 44·6) | 11·4 (4·64 to 18·3) | |
| Kuwait | 4·72 (3·78 to 5·76) | 33·7 (31·5 to 35·8) | −8·57 (−36·3 to 24·3) | −14·2 (−21·6 to −6·18) | |
| Lebanon | 26·0 (22·8 to 29·0) | 46·1 (44·0 to 48·2) | 45·1 (15·8 to 80·2) | 25·1 (14·4 to 36·5) | |
| Libya | 1·46 (1·10 to 1·94) | 38·6 (36·3 to 41·0) | −2·10 (−34·2 to 38·4) | 0·602 (−8·37 to 10·7) | |
| Morocco | 1·06 (0·788 to 1·42) | 22·5 (20·9 to 24·1) | −31·3 (−54·3 to 1·02) | −33·2 (−39·3 to −26·1) | |
| Oman | 1·88 (1·45 to 2·43) | 15·8 (14·5 to 17·3) | −11·0 (−37·4 to 23·1) | −24·6 (−32·4 to −16·5) | |
| Palestine | 3·89 (3·07 to 4·84) | 40·8 (38·6 to 43·2) | −3·23 (−29·4 to 28·9) | −8·48 (−14·7 to −2·05) | |
| Qatar | 2·97 (2·24 to 3·94) | 21·9 (20·3 to 23·6) | 4·14 (−32·9 to 54·7) | −4·13 (−15·4 to 8·50) | |
| Saudi Arabia | 2·17 (1·69 to 2·71) | 22·6 (21·1 to 24·0) | 45·3 (0·241 to 99·6) | 39·0 (26·2 to 53·6) | |
| Sudan | 1·95 (1·46 to 2·54) | 19·5 (18·0 to 21·1) | −15·2 (−42·5 to 23·4) | −12·3 (−22·9 to −0·539) | |
| Syria | 6·20 (4·77 to 7·97) | 41·9 (39·0 to 44·8) | −23·3 (−47·1 to 6·07) | −16·5 (−23·3 to −9·84) | |
| Tunisia | 2·70 (2·12 to 3·45) | 45·4 (43·2 to 47·7) | −19·9 (−43·5 to 10·8) | −11·1 (−17·0 to −4·99) | |
| Turkey | 18·4 (16·6 to 20·3) | 43·2 (41·6 to 44·9) | 14·6 (−3·48 to 33·5) | −21·8 (−26·3 to −17·2) | |
| United Arab Emirates | 3·79 (2·96 to 4·81) | 17·9 (16·5 to 19·3) | 2·58 (−27·0 to 44·1) | −21·0 (−30·5 to −10·8) | |
| Yemen | 8·90 (7·46 to 10·7) | 31·5 (29·5 to 33·6) | 4·41 (−24·0 to 40·2) | −4·64 (−14·1 to 5·27) | |
| South Asia | 3·26 (2·83 to 3·78) | 25·2 (24·2 to 26·2) | −34·1 (−45·8 to −21·1) | −37·8 (−40·4 to −35·1) | |
| Bangladesh | 2·13 (1·68 to 2·66) | 44·9 (43·0 to 47·0) | −27·9 (−47·7 to −4·36) | −11·4 (−16·7 to −6·25) | |
| Bhutan | 4·80 (3·79 to 5·95) | 14·8 (13·4 to 16·2) | −4·62 (−33·8 to 31·6) | −12·9 (−24·1 to −0·228) | |
| India | 3·10 (2·59 to 3·74) | 23·0 (21·9 to 24·2) | −31·2 (−46·6 to −12·9) | −41·0 (−44·2 to −37·6) | |
| Nepal | 13·6 (11·9 to 15·6) | 31·4 (29·8 to 33·0) | −54·0 (−61·9 to −44·6) | −37·0 (−41·4 to −32·6) | |
| Pakistan | 3·77 (3·05 to 4·65) | 24·7 (23·3 to 26·3) | −40·7 (−58·0 to −18·0) | −39·2 (−44·3 to −33·6) | |
| Southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania | 3·94 (3·51 to 4·39) | 49·4 (48·4 to 50·4) | −22·1 (−33·2 to −11·0) | −16·6 (−18·6 to −14·5) | |
| East Asia | 3·57 (2·97 to 4·18) | 49·5 (48·0 to 50·8) | −20·7 (−36·4 to −3·84) | −18·1 (−20·8 to −15·4) | |
| China | 3·54 (2·91 to 4·18) | 49·7 (48·3 to 51·1) | −20·9 (−37·4 to −3·53) | −18·2 (−21·0 to −15·5) | |
| North Korea | 4·48 (3·57 to 5·69) | 43·6 (41·3 to 45·6) | 11·6 (−20·7 to 51·2) | −8·47 (−15·3 to −0·989) | |
| Taiwan (Province of China) | 4·98 (3·94 to 6·21) | 39·6 (37·5 to 41·7) | −27·9 (−51·0 to −0·968) | −18·2 (−24·3 to −11·5) | |
| Oceania | 18·0 (16·0 to 20·2) | 41·3 (39·4 to 43·2) | −17·7 (−32·1 to −1·23) | −14·9 (−19·7 to −9·54) | |
| American Samoa | 22·4 (18·3 to 27·2) | 42·1 (39·2 to 45·2) | −4·19 (−27·7 to 25·2) | −4·14 (−12·7 to 5·48) | |
| Cook Islands | 24·2 (20·5 to 28·6) | 36·7 (34·4 to 39·1) | −0·774 (−21·8 to 25·9) | −9·81 (−18·7 to −0·276) | |
| Federated States of Micronesia | 36·4 (31·0 to 41·5) | 62·2 (59·7 to 64·8) | 12·4 (−9·52 to 35·5) | 3·73 (−2·38 to 9·83) | |
| Fiji | 14·5 (12·0 to 17·3) | 42·5 (40·0 to 45·4) | −18·9 (−38·4 to 6·27) | −14·8 (−21·6 to −7·97) | |
| Guam | 20·1 (17·8 to 22·3) | 30·3 (28·6 to 32·1) | −8·28 (−26·4 to 12·2) | −14·6 (−22·4 to −6·08) | |
| Kiribati | 35·1 (31·5 to 38·6) | 63·8 (61·7 to 65·9) | 0·681 (−16·7 to 21·3) | 6·98 (0·976 to 13·2) | |
| Marshall Islands | 9·75 (7·74 to 12·0) | 35·0 (32·3 to 37·5) | 27·1 (−9·19 to 75·7) | 3·09 (−7·84 to 15·3) | |
| Nauru | 40·3 (36·3 to 44·6) | 43·3 (40·9 to 45·8) | −7·17 (−22·1 to 9·84) | −4·09 (−11·8 to 4·43) | |
| Niue | 15·8 (13·1 to 18·8) | 27·0 (25·0 to 29·1) | −1·31 (−26·2 to 32·3) | −7·53 (−17·6 to 3·99) | |
| Northern Mariana Islands | 18·0 (14·3 to 22·1) | 41·0 (38·0 to 43·9) | −17·7 (−37·6 to 8·84) | −13·1 (−21·1 to −4·45) | |
| Palau | 12·6 (10·9 to 14·5) | 32·4 (30·6 to 34·3) | −1·96 (−25·5 to 25·2) | −6·71 (−15·4 to 3·12) | |
| Papua New Guinea | 18·4 (15·8 to 21·3) | 40·2 (37·7 to 42·6) | −21·2 (−38·7 to 0·844) | −17·3 (−23·9 to −10·2) | |
| Samoa | 14·5 (12·5 to 16·6) | 39·4 (37·2 to 41·6) | −11·6 (−32·5 to 13·1) | −11·4 (−18·4 to −4·35) | |
| Solomon Islands | 19·3 (17·0 to 21·8) | 52·2 (49·9 to 54·2) | 7·00 (−16·4 to 36·0) | 3·90 (−2·92 to 11·7) | |
| Tokelau | 16·6 (13·0 to 20·6) | 39·6 (36·4 to 42·5) | 0·116 (−26·1 to 31·5) | −5·30 (−14·4 to 5·05) | |
| Tonga | 13·3 (11·3 to 15·4) | 42·5 (40·2 to 44·8) | −1·21 (−20·6 to 22·1) | −22·3 (−27·0 to −17·2) | |
| Tuvalu | 20·7 (17·3 to 24·4) | 45·4 (42·6 to 48·0) | 9·73 (−17·7 to 43·3) | 3·49 (−4·63 to 13·0) | |
| Vanuatu | 5·70 (4·54 to 6·95) | 38·2 (36·0 to 40·3) | −17·8 (−43·4 to 14·2) | −11·8 (−19·4 to −3·90) | |
| Southeast Asia | 4·51 (4·18 to 4·87) | 48·2 (47·5 to 48·9) | −29·9 (−37·0 to −22·0) | −12·6 (−14·4 to −10·7) | |
| Cambodia | 5·09 (4·17 to 6·10) | 40·6 (38·8 to 42·3) | −13·9 (−34·6 to 10·6) | −19·7 (−24·3 to −14·7) | |
| Indonesia | 3·60 (3·00 to 4·31) | 58·3 (57·0 to 59·6) | 7·99 (−17·2 to 39·2) | 6·94 (3·14 to 10·6) | |
| Laos | 6·98 (5·73 to 8·29) | 49·1 (46·8 to 51·2) | 29·3 (−6·25 to 71·2) | 9·06 (1·05 to 17·2) | |
| Malaysia | 3·20 (2·57 to 3·92) | 40·3 (38·1 to 42·3) | −26·0 (−47·5 to 1·04) | −22·3 (−28·1 to −16·0) | |
| Maldives | 7·35 (5·88 to 9·03) | 46·5 (43·8 to 48·9) | −6·48 (−32·8 to 23·8) | −6·02 (−13·3 to 0·792) | |
| Mauritius | 5·40 (4·36 to 6·60) | 41·2 (39·2 to 43·3) | −7·65 (−32·1 to 23·3) | −13·0 (−19·2 to −6·93) | |
| Myanmar | 8·59 (7·24 to 10·0) | 41·0 (39·2 to 42·8) | −48·7 (−59·6 to −35·3) | −32·2 (−36·6 to −27·8) | |
| Philippines | 8·24 (7·24 to 9·31) | 40·9 (39·3 to 42·5) | −37·7 (−50·7 to −22·6) | −28·9 (−32·9 to −24·6) | |
| Seychelles | 7·01 (5·58 to 8·62) | 39·7 (36·9 to 42·4) | −5·93 (−34·0 to 30·1) | −10·9 (−19·7 to −1·99) | |
| Sri Lanka | 1·80 (1·39 to 2·26) | 30·1 (28·5 to 31·8) | −40·7 (−58·4 to −17·4) | −30·8 (−36·0 to −24·9) | |
| Thailand | 3·49 (2·89 to 4·19) | 39·8 (38·5 to 41·3) | −46·5 (−59·9 to −31·5) | −25·5 (−29·4 to −21·5) | |
| Timor-Leste | 5·15 (4·18 to 6·21) | 64·6 (62·7 to 66·6) | −4·15 (−30·1 to 26·9) | 1·49 (−3·55 to 6·71) | |
| Vietnam | 2·68 (2·13 to 3·30) | 47·1 (45·3 to 48·8) | −32·9 (−50·2 to −13·4) | −20·3 (−24·2 to −16·3) | |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 2·94 (2·78 to 3·10) | 17·5 (17·2 to 17·9) | −34·1 (−39·1 to −28·9) | −22·8 (−24·7 to −20·6) | |
| Central sub-Saharan Africa | 1·74 (1·46 to 2·06) | 20·7 (19·6 to 22·0) | −4·72 (−26·1 to 18·9) | −6·47 (−14·6 to 1·85) | |
| Angola | 2·74 (2·14 to 3·51) | 18·7 (17·2 to 20·2) | −9·87 (−36·6 to 23·5) | −13·2 (−23·3 to −1·61) | |
| Central African Republic | 1·60 (1·22 to 2·12) | 15·0 (13·3 to 16·8) | −26·1 (−50·2 to 4·37) | −25·8 (−36·0 to −15·1) | |
| Congo (Brazzaville) | 1·81 (1·33 to 2·42) | 20·7 (19·0 to 22·6) | 20·3 (−24·1 to 75·6) | 28·8 (13·7 to 47·7) | |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1·36 (1·01 to 1·79) | 21·6 (20·0 to 23·4) | −6·49 (−38·2 to 34·9) | −5·93 (−17·1 to 5·72) | |
| Equatorial Guinea | 2·50 (1·81 to 3·47) | 27·5 (25·0 to 29·8) | 4·27 (−36·2 to 58·2) | 1·93 (−10·7 to 15·7) | |
| Gabon | 3·55 (2·71 to 4·54) | 21·9 (20·3 to 23·7) | 26·1 (−17·1 to 84·3) | 17·3 (1·42 to 35·2) | |
| Eastern sub-Saharan Africa | 3·14 (2·93 to 3·37) | 17·6 (17·1 to 18·0) | −18·6 (−26·5 to −9·69) | −23·7 (−26·4 to −20·4) | |
| Burundi | 4·23 (3·38 to 5·28) | 16·3 (15·1 to 17·5) | −31·9 (−52·9 to −4·28) | −36·3 (−43·5 to −28·5) | |
| Comoros | 2·99 (2·31 to 3·76) | 23·3 (21·5 to 25·1) | −6·26 (−35·1 to 35·3) | −15·6 (−25·0 to −5·67) | |
| Djibouti | 5·52 (4·36 to 6·90) | 42·2 (39·6 to 44·9) | 14·4 (−18·8 to 61·1) | 15·9 (5·62 to 27·6) | |
| Eritrea | 0·696 (0·517 to 0·906) | 12·5 (11·2 to 13·9) | −20·8 (−48·8 to 13·5) | −21·9 (−33·4 to −8·83) | |
| Ethiopia | 1·31 (1·01 to 1·69) | 10·5 (9·60 to 11·4) | −3·30 (−33·3 to 37·1) | −15·5 (−26·7 to −2·48) | |
| Kenya | 2·52 (2·00 to 3·20) | 19·2 (17·8 to 20·4) | −35·2 (−54·4 to −9·94) | −35·8 (−42·2 to −28·8) | |
| Madagascar | 2·57 (2·00 to 3·30) | 24·9 (22·9 to 26·8) | −40·1 (−57·7 to −16·5) | −37·7 (−44·0 to −30·9) | |
| Malawi | 3·11 (2·44 to 3·93) | 24·0 (22·6 to 25·4) | −15·5 (−41·7 to 17·6) | −0·233 (−9·99 to 10·1) | |
| Mozambique | 5·94 (4·68 to 7·39) | 23·6 (21·6 to 25·7) | −7·30 (−34·1 to 27·9) | −5·52 (−17·2 to 6·57) | |
| Rwanda | 8·51 (7·00 to 10·1) | 21·7 (20·4 to 23·2) | −1·82 (−26·1 to 29·3) | −1·51 (−12·1 to 10·9) | |
| Somalia | 2·82 (2·17 to 3·66) | 20·5 (18·3 to 22·7) | −17·9 (−43·1 to 12·0) | −15·7 (−26·9 to −4·18) | |
| South Sudan | 2·71 (2·05 to 3·43) | 20·6 (18·5 to 22·8) | −18·4 (−42·3 to 9·34) | −17·7 (−28·2 to −7·07) | |
| Uganda | 4·18 (3·43 to 5·02) | 14·6 (13·6 to 15·6) | −1·00 (−26·2 to 31·2) | −24·0 (−32·4 to −15·0) | |
| Tanzania | 2·96 (2·35 to 3·68) | 18·0 (16·8 to 19·2) | −27·7 (−49·0 to −1·96) | −38·9 (−45·2 to −31·8) | |
| Zambia | 5·82 (4·75 to 6·99) | 26·3 (24·9 to 27·7) | −10·0 (−32·5 to 18·6) | 4·43 (−5·87 to 16·0) | |
| Southern sub-Saharan Africa | 8·70 (7·51 to 10·0) | 34·6 (33·3 to 35·7) | −36·8 (−47·8 to −25·7) | −22·7 (−26·0 to −18·9) | |
| Botswana | 8·39 (7·02 to 9·77) | 36·3 (34·4 to 38·2) | −19·1 (−38·0 to 7·26) | −6·48 (−14·6 to 1·90) | |
| eSwatini | 2·87 (2·28 to 3·67) | 15·0 (13·6 to 16·5) | −26·9 (−47·4 to −0·171) | −30·9 (−38·9 to −21·5) | |
| Lesotho | 1·85 (1·42 to 2·42) | 41·5 (39·6 to 43·5) | 4·41 (−27·9 to 50·9) | 29·5 (17·1 to 42·3) | |
| Namibia | 10·6 (8·83 to 12·7) | 23·5 (21·9 to 25·1) | −25·7 (−43·6 to −5·01) | −21·6 (−29·4 to −13·3) | |
| South Africa | 10·4 (8·75 to 12·2) | 35·4 (33·8 to 36·9) | −38·0 (−50·2 to −24·8) | −27·5 (−31·3 to −23·3) | |
| Zimbabwe | 3·47 (2·73 to 4·29) | 34·4 (32·6 to 36·0) | −8·90 (−35·9 to 24·1) | 3·59 (−5·33 to 13·2) | |
| Western sub-Saharan Africa | 1·81 (1·64 to 2·02) | 12·7 (12·2 to 13·1) | −33·7 (−42·9 to −23·7) | −23·0 (−26·9 to −18·9) | |
| Benin | 1·69 (1·28 to 2·15) | 10·6 (9·77 to 11·5) | −45·1 (−63·0 to −23·6) | −42·3 (−49·6 to −34·4) | |
| Burkina Faso | 1·47 (1·10 to 1·93) | 17·0 (15·7 to 18·4) | −32·4 (−55·1 to −1·13) | −28·2 (−36·7 to −18·4) | |
| Cameroon | 1·51 (1·14 to 1·94) | 14·8 (13·5 to 16·2) | −24·1 (−47·2 to 6·20) | −33·9 (−42·5 to −24·7) | |
| Cape Verde | 3·00 (2·36 to 3·83) | 9·39 (8·41 to 10·5) | −35·2 (−54·4 to −9·63) | −45·5 (−53·3 to −36·9) | |
| Chad | 2·83 (2·23 to 3·63) | 16·0 (14·7 to 17·4) | −33·7 (−54·0 to −7·61) | −30·4 (−38·9 to −20·5) | |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 3·79 (2·89 to 4·83) | 21·8 (20·0 to 23·7) | 0·960 (−28·8 to 37·6) | 10·9 (−3·13 to 26·9) | |
| The Gambia | 1·33 (1·02 to 1·72) | 23·6 (21·9 to 25·3) | −35·0 (−55·2 to −9·14) | −32·4 (−39·2 to −25·1) | |
| Ghana | 2·08 (1·58 to 2·72) | 10·5 (9·42 to 11·6) | 6·37 (−26·7 to 56·4) | −7·41 (−20·7 to 7·27) | |
| Guinea | 2·03 (1·54 to 2·56) | 29·2 (26·6 to 31·9) | −5·65 (−34·9 to 30·1) | −8·87 (−19·3 to 2·07) | |
| Guinea-Bissau | 1·07 (0·811 to 1·39) | 8·46 (7·42 to 9·54) | 3·39 (−29·1 to 46·7) | 16·3 (−2·20 to 38·5) | |
| Liberia | 2·57 (2·03 to 3·24) | 13·7 (12·5 to 15·0) | 1·62 (−30·8 to 43·3) | −12·8 (−24·2 to 0·646) | |
| Mali | 2·44 (1·83 to 3·22) | 22·5 (20·8 to 24·1) | 47·6 (−2·39 to 113) | 27·0 (12·4 to 44·0) | |
| Mauritania | 8·08 (6·28 to 10·1) | 29·3 (26·8 to 31·8) | −12·3 (−39·3 to 20·6) | −21·6 (−29·5 to −11·8) | |
| Niger | 1·63 (1·23 to 2·16) | 14·1 (12·8 to 15·6) | 18·3 (−21·9 to 68·9) | 12·0 (−5·17 to 30·8) | |
| Nigeria | 1·16 (0·862 to 1·54) | 7·43 (6·69 to 8·21) | −53·3 (−67·9 to −33·2) | −38·5 (−46·7 to −30·1) | |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | 1·70 (1·29 to 2·22) | 7·80 (6·95 to 8·69) | 15·1 (−23·8 to 70·5) | 24·2 (5·43 to 43·3) | |
| Senegal | 1·46 (1·11 to 1·90) | 14·2 (13·2 to 15·3) | −41·2 (−60·4 to −17·5) | −52·3 (−57·5 to −46·0) | |
| Sierra Leone | 7·84 (6·34 to 9·61) | 30·5 (28·7 to 32·6) | −26·1 (−46·8 to 0·307) | −13·1 (−21·4 to −3·07) | |
| Togo | 2·26 (1·73 to 2·92) | 14·0 (12·8 to 15·2) | −37·3 (−57·5 to −11·9) | −42·8 (−49·8 to −35·5) | |
Data are given to three significant figures. Data in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals.